V7^ 



HOME MISSION HANDICEAPT 



Home Mission Handicraft 



Ideas for Work and Play 

in Mission Bands and 

Junior Societies 



BY 



Lina and Adelia B. Beard 



New York 

Charles Scribner's Sons 

1908 



LIBRARY of CONGRESS 
Two CoDies Received 

150V go 1908 

Copyrijtnt tntry 




Copyright, 1908, by 
CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS 




CONTENTS 



FUN WITH NOTHING BUT CLOTHES-PINS i 

LITTLE PAPER COLUMBUS AND HiS PAPER SHIPS 8 

CLOTHES PIN TOYS 22 

A TOY COLONIAL KITCHEN 29 

NEW CHRISTMAS DECORATIONS 58 

AN INDIAN ENCAMPMENT 71 

PICTURE WRITING AND SIGN LANGUAGE 93 

THANKSGIVING . . . -. 100 

CAMPING OUT IN YOUR BACK YARD 113 

A GIRL'S FOURTH OF JULY 124 



FUN WITH NOTHING BUT CLOTHES-PINS. 

Early Settler's Block-House . 

F you will look carefully at the photograph 
(Fig. i) — ^though house and people are 
merely clothes-pins — you can gain quite a 
realizing sense of scenes in the early his- 
tory of the United States when trouble with 
Indians caused real people to flock to their 
real block-houses. 
Gather up a lot of common clothes-pins and I will tell you how 
to build a clothes-pin block-house and turn clothes-pins into early 





Fig. I, — The Clothes-pin pioneers and their block-house- 



Fun with Nothing but Clothes-Pins 



settlers, for all the world like the picture. You can have as many 
men and women as there are clothes-pins left after building the 
block-house, and they will stand erect and firm and may be 
moved about as you please. 

Start the house foundation with two clothes-pins laid down 





Fig. 2. — The block-house 
foundation. 



Fig. 3. — To make longer 
" logs." 



parallel and sufficiently far apart for two more clothes-pins to 
bridge over the intervening space. Be sure to place the clothes- 
pins so that they rest on the open edge of the prongs and lie steady, 
for the round edge is apt to roll and slide. 

Lay the second two pieces across with their ends on the first two 
pins (Fig. 2). Build up the lower part of the house in this way, 
eight layers high. 

For the upper part of the house you will need longer "logs." 





Fig. 4. — The lower Story done. 



Fig. 5. — Laying the bigger 
" logs." 



Make them by running the prongs of two clothes-pins together, 
fitting one prong of one in between the two prongs of the other 

(Fig- 3)- 




Fun with Nothing but Clothes-Pins 3 

Cross the top of the lower part of the house with two of the 
long logs so adjusted that they extend out from the house on each 
side an equal distance (Fig. 4). 

The next two long logs must be built on at the same time, as the 
weight of only one on the end of the first long logs would cause 
them to tip. Hold a long log in each 
hand and carefully lay the two simul- 
taneously across the ends of the first two 
long logs (Fig. 5). Then over these last 
two build on two more also simultaneously 
(Fig.' 6). After these are settled in place 
the rest is easy, for all you have to do is 
Fig. 6.-The upper part begun, to build up the second story in log-cabin 
style, as you did the first story, only using 
long logs instead of short ones. 

When the upper part is twelve layers high, counting the first two 
long logs, make a newspaper roof. Cut a square of paper measur- 
ing about eleven inches each way, fold the square diagonally across 
the centre from corner to corner, crease, unfold, and again crease 
it from the remaining corners, making another diagonal line across 
the centre, running in opposite direction, unfold and make a plait 
three-quarters of an inch wide on the centre of each of the four 
sides of the square. Taper the four plaits off into mere points 
toward the centre of the square roof and run a pin in each plait at 
the wide edge to hold it in place. The plaits will cause the roof to 
rise to a point at the centre just as real roofs were formerly built 
on real block-houses. 

Try the roof on top of the house; then take it off and trim the 
edges evenly; again adjust the roof and fasten it on the house 
with paste. 

If the clothes-pins are not needed in the laundry you might cover 



Fun with Nothing but Clothes^Pins 



a pastry-board with green Canton flannel, fleecy side out, for grass." 
Erect the house on the board, gluing the logs together as you build, 
and gluing the foundation to the board; then the miniature block- 
house could be a permanent one. 

Begin dressing the "early settlers" by making hats for the men. 
For the hat-crown roll a small square of black tissue paper into a 
cornucopia to fit the head of your wooden clothes-pin, paste the 
edges together, then cut off the corner which hangs down below to 
make the cornucopia even at the bottom (Fig. 7). Paste the 
hat-crown on the clothes-pin head, tilting the crown back a trifle 
(Fig. 8), then cut a disc of the black paper for the hat-brim, 
slash it across the centre into four points (Fig. 10), but only just 
far enough to make the opening fit over the hat-crown (Fig. 9). 




Fig. 7. — The settler's hat started. Fig. 8. — The hat-crown on, and the trousers begun. Fig, 9, 
— The hat finished and the knee trousers pushed into shape. Fig. 10. — How to slash 
the hat-brim. Fig. 11. — The tissue-paper cape. Fig. 12. — The white paper collar. 
Fig. 13. — The early settler ready to appear in public. 

Slide the brim on the crown, allowing the central points to lie up 
against it, and fasten them there with a little paste (Fig. 9). 

Use black tissue paper for the loose knee trousers (Fig. 9). 
Cut two strips of the paper, fit one strip over one clothes-pin leg 
(Fig. 8), push the paper up on the inside until it resembles Fig. 
9, and fasten the paper on the wood with paste. Make the 



Fun with Nothing but Clothes-Pins 5 

other trousers leg in the same way (Fig. 9). Cut the tissue- 
paper cape (Fig. 11) of rich purple, red, orange, blue or any- 
bright color. Paste the cape on the clothes-pin man only at the 
front of the neck, allowing the remainder to hang loose. From 
white tissue paper cut the collar (Fig. 12), and fasten it around 
the man's neck with a drop of paste in front. 

To enable the independent little settler to stand on his own feet, 
cut two curved slashes partially through a small piece of corrugated 
flat pasteboard used for packing purposes. Insert and glue the 
ends of the clothes-pins legs in this stand (Fig. 13). Failing the 
cardboard use small pasteboard pill-boxes for stands. Ink feat- 
ures on the clothes-pin face and your little settler will be finished. 

The women in the photograph (Fig. i) wear narrow dress 
skirts, long, severely plain white aprons, colored capes, and white 
collars like those of the men. Sometimes large, white, three-corn- 
ered neckerchiefs are used in place of the cape and collar. The 
sunbonnet-like head-covering is a straight piece of white tissue 
paper laid over the head and brought smoothly down the sides, 
puckered together at the back and tied around the neck with a 
string. Make the entire costume of tissue paper. The stiff dress 
skirts form sufficient support to enable the women to stand alone. 

When dressing a number of clothes-pin settlers cut out all the 
hat-crowns at one time, have as many layers of paper as there are 
men, and cut through all layers with one clip. Adopt the same 
plan with the other parts of clothing for the little people, and your 
work will be rapid. 

The next scene (Fig. 14) is of a large, substantial log-house 
with outside log chimney, like the houses built many years ago, 
when our country was new and timber plenty, to be had often for 
the mere cutting, and when people united in a frolic for the log- 
rolling necessary in bringing together logs to erect a house. 



6 Fun with Nothing but Clothes-Pins 

With long logs (Fig. 3) build one house fourteen layers high. 
Close up against one side of this house build another house like it, 
and unite the two into one house under one newspaper roof. Make 
the slanting roof of a piece of newspaper creased lengthwise through 
the centre, and its lengthwise edges bent out a trifle and fastened 
on the logs with a few drops of paste (Fig. 14). Flat against the 
centre of one end of tHe house build an old-fashioned log chimney; 
make it of single clothes-pins exactly as you build the lower part of 




Fig. 14, — Wash-day on the clothes-pin estate. 

the block-house, only this time build up twenty-one layers high, as 
in the picture. Then make the front portico. Form the pillars 
and framework for the little log roof by running the extreme open 
end of one clothes-pin into that of another and spreading out the 
two attached pins into a very widely opened letter V. Turn the V 
upside down, and stand the head of one pin (which is also the top 
end of one side of the V) on the ground, while you rest the other 
head or top end on the logs of the front of the house. Make three 



Fun with Nothing but Clothes-Pins 7 

more Vs, place the second V against the house near the first one, 
then allow a short space for the doorway in front of the line where 
the two halves of the building meet, and stand up a third V, and 
near it a fourth one. 

Over the slanting framework roof lay four long logs (Fig. 
14). Make a log flooring for the little portico of a row of single 
clothes-pins, and finish by laying down a little path cut from brown 
paper to meet the floor of the portico. 

Make a small flag and wrap paper around the end of the staff 
that it may fit firmly into an empty spool and wave gayly near the 
house. 

Romantic as is a log-house, the prosaic laundry-work must go 
.on just the same as in an ordinary house. Use clothes-pins for 
clothes-poles; make them steady and erect by standing each pole 
in the prongs of a clothes-pin lying horizontally on the ground. 
Set the poles far apart, and tie a heavy thread or a slender string 
between them; hang only light-weight paper clothes on this line. 
A small wooden pill-box, raised from the ground on a flat button- 
hole-twist spool stand, makes a fine washtub near the clothesline. 

Any kind of natural or artificial small-leaved foliage, stuck into 
the open ends of clothes-pins, the pins standing up on their heads, 
will form trees. Small plants can be placed in spools. 

Both toy houses, if glued, will make most interesting contribu- 
tions for fairs. For temporary building the work would come in 
well for supplementary history, or the clothes-pin houses can be 
built and rebuilt again and again for simple amusement and in- 
struction at home. 




Columbus' Ship Made of Paper. 




LITTLE PAPER COLUMBUS AND HIS PAPER SHIP 

LACE a chair against one end of the bath 
tub, for Spain, and another chair at the 
other end of the tub for America. If 
the chair seat is lower than the rim of 
the tub, build up with books until the 
top book is as high as the tub ; then j511 
the bathtub more than half full of water 
and pretend it is the Atlantic ocean. Cut 
out two paper dolls, one for King Ferdi- 
nand, the other for Queen Isabella. 
Remember which chair is Spain, and seat the royal couple in 
Spain, on a throne, made of a bent piece of cardboard. Bring 
Columbus before the monarchs and let them bid him God- 
speed; then put Columbus in his ship, the Santa Maria, with a 
number of sailors, and send the vessel saihng off on her voyage of 
discovery. Gently push the boat forward by the projecting spar 
at the stem, and the little craft will sail along like a real ship on 
a real ocean; but you must be careful not to push too hard and 
capsize the vessel. When the boat reaches America, have ready 
on the chair at that end of the bathtub, some wild Indians with 
their wigwams, and let Columbus and his men land, while the 
Indians stand gazing at them in astonishment. 

From " Things Worth Doing." Copyright, igob, by Charles Scribner' s Sons. 

9 



10 Things for Home, Gift Days and Fairs 





.^ /m^ 






^Av\ /o/y 


\^ 


/ , 




\ 


/ / 
/ 1 


PROW 
PROW 


'y 


UlAP 


o.. /A\ „.„ 


■iA'piv 


Jo uJ / 


^Gl 


1 9^ ' 


Q \ 








n°°° ^ ' 


I') oo\ 


/Jlap"" 


° ° -'Tt S tl '• °° 


o°LAP>\ 


1 


;B g Br- 


1 


: CD 


1 


1 "J 


IL. '. 


ifc! \ 


J S 


: o : 


- V 


f ^ 


• s 


"^ \ 


AIa;°°:j^ 


o 


«--°^VA\ 




5 ; 


( 




CD 


I 


[^ ^ 


» ' 


^ p) 


\ "^ 




<o / 


\ V 


U; ;£/ 


v^ / 


L~! i TZJ 






r~""u""T 


>v / 




L' < '« / 


>k / 




i' "^ ■•3 


^ 




n D M 






/7 D T\ 






< 1 


i 


/ 


/ Bl •• 


\ 



Fig. 580.— The hull of the Santa Maria. 



Before we make 
the little paper peo- 
ple, let us build 

Columbus' Ship. 

This ship is to be 
as nearly like the 
Santa Maria, the 
real ship in which 
Columbus sailed, as 
is possible to make 
of paper. Cut a 
piece of light-weight 
cardboard fifteen 
and three - fourths 
inches long and 
seven and one-half 
inches wide ; on this 
draw the diagram of 
the boat (Fig. 589), 
making the greatest 
lengths of the dia- 
gram exactly as long 
and the greatest 
widths as wide as 
the cardboard. Find 
the lengthwise cen- 
tre of the cardboard, 
which will be three 
and three - fourths 
inches from each 



Columbus and His Paper Ship 1 1 

long side line, aa the cardboard is seven and one-half inches 
wide. Draw a line along the centre from end to end, to guide 
you in making the diagram of the boat; this central line will 
also be the centre of your ship. Commence drawing the bot- 
tom A — A (Fig, 589) at a distance of two and one-fourth inches 
from the end of the cardboard; the bottom must measure seven 
inches from its extreme front point A to the back line A, and 
two and three-eighths inches at its widest point from B to B. 
The point A of the bottom must come on the long central line, 
and the straight back line of the bottom A must be one and 
three-fourths inches across. 

The length of the extension at the back' of the boat from C 
to D is three and one-half inches; the deck from D to E, three 
inches. The greatest width of the deck, E, not including the 
two flaps, is two and three-fourth inches, and the narrowest part 
at the hne D one inch. The sides of the boat are slashed and 
the last slash or side piece, F, at its greatest height touches the 
edge of the cardboard, while the side pieces G and G, are the 
lowest, and so are the longest distance from the cardboard edge. 
When you have drawn the diagram cut out the little craft. 

Cut along all the heavy lines. Bend the four dotted lines 
of the prow ledge (H, I and H, I) backward. All other dotted 
Hnes must be bent forward, and care taken to keep the bends 
exactly on the dotted lines. Do not bend the laps enclosed by 
the tiny circles along the sides J, J, J, J, J, J. These circles 
merely show how far the slashed sides lap over each other to 
form the correct shape of the Santa Maria, for you must know 
that Columbus' vessel was very different in build and appear- 
ance from any ships we find at the present time. The prow 
and stem were much higher than the middle of the boat and at 
the top the stern was quite narrow while at the bottom it was 



12 Things for Home, Gift Days and Fairs 



; 



/ 



^ 






; 



F 



Fig. 590- — This 
is the mizzen- 
mast. 



wide, making the rear of the ship big at the bot- 
tom and small at the top. 

Now put the little craft together. Bend the sides 
up and fasten each lap on the edge of the next 
side piece with glue or strong, thick paste. Bend 
up the back and paste the three laps of each edge 
over onto the sides, fitting the short laps on the 
section K over the projections L and L of the sides. 

Make the Mizzenmast 

of a paper lighter, ten inches high after the end 
has been bent (Fig. 590). SHde the small end 
of the mast, from beneath, up through 
the hole K in the after deck (Fig. 589). 
The hole should be a tight fit. Paste 
the bent end of the mast flat and 
tight to the bottom of the boat ; bring 
the flaps of the deck down over the 
top of the sides and paste them se- 
curely in place. 

Next bend up the prow, lapping 
the flap O (Fig. 589) over the side 
edge of the prow, O, and the flap P 
over the prow, P. 

Cut the Bowsprit 

(Fig. 591) of cardboard six and one- 
half inches long, split the wide end 
up lengthwise through the centre two 
and one-fourth inches, then fold the 
remainder lengthwise through the 



! 



centre according to the dotted lines bowsprit uke this. 



Columbus and His Paper Ship 



13 



Fig. 592. Open the split end and place one-half on the inside 
of one side of the prow, and the second half opposite on the 

inside of the other side of 

the prow. Leave these ends 

loose, resting the bowsprit 

in the short opening at the 

centre top of the point of 

the prow, where the two 

short ledges, H and I (Fig. 

589), meet. 





Fig. 593.— The for- 
ward deck. 



Make the forward Deck 

of cardboard (Fig. 593) two and one-fourth 
inches long and at its widest part a gen- 
erous one and one-eighth inch. Cut the 
hole N, five- eighths of an inch from the 
wide, straight edge ; then cut a strip five and 
five- eighths inches in length and three- 
fourths of an inch in width, slash as in 
diagram and bend at dotted line (Fig. 594). 
Fig. 502.— The bowsprit is Cut the sht M, and fasten the strip on the 

folded through the centre. ^ ■> ■> , • . i n i r 

deck by pastmg the naps over the top of 
the curved edge of the deck (Fig. 595). Slide the flat point 
of the projecting bowsprit through the sHt M (Fig. 594), and 



rrnTirn rrnmTrTrn-T 



Fig. 594. — Slash the strip for the forward deck. 

run a paper lighter foremast, nine and one-half inches long, not 
including the bent end, through the hole N (Fig. 593). Bring 



14 Things for Home, Gift Days and Fairs 




Fig. 595. — Forward deck. 



H, I, H, I (Fig. 589) 



the deck down over the prow, adjust the 
bowsprit to the incHned height of the bow- 
sprit in the illustration and paste the two 
split halves of the end of the bowsprit on 
each side of the inside of the prow. Fasten 
the foremast tight on the bottom of the 
boat and paste the deck on the ledges, 
Make a 

Deck-Fence 



for the stem of a piece of paper seven and one-half inches long 
and one inch wide. Cut it in a fringe with every other short 
strip of the fringe cut out like Fig, 596. Paste the loose fringe 



Rrafiin 



u u 

Fig. 596. — The deck fence. 



Fig. 597. — Strip for bottom of fence. 

ends along the three outside top edges of the atter deck, allow- 
ing the solid border of the fringe to form the fence rail. See 
illustration. Cover the lower ends of the fence when they are 
pasted to the deck with a band of paper seven and one-half 
inches long and three-eighths of an inch wide (Fig. 597). 

Make a Spar 

for the stem of the boat as you made the bowsprit Fig. 592, 
only the spar should be shorter, extending beyond the stem of 
the boat about two inches. Slide the large end of the spar through 




Columbus and His Paper Ship 15 

the opening in the deck at E (Fig. 589) and rest the spht ends 
on each side of the mast. 

For the Mainmast 

at the centre of the boat make another paper lighter eleven 
inches high. Do not bend the end, but paste the bottom lapped 
edges together and run the mast through a com- 
mon wooden spool (Fig. 598). Glue the spool 
tight on the bottom of the boat, a trifle for- 
ward of the centre, and your ship is ready for 
/"^^-r '^ the sails, as you can see from the picture. 

^^ The illustration shows httle paper Columbus 

^'the^matomas^^with in his red cloak and cap, standing on the stern 
a spool. Qf iiig vessel, one of the sailors in the centre, 

and a wild Indian peeping over the side of the boat. We must 
make our 

Santa Maria Watertight 

before the sails are set. Melt half of a wax candle in a tin piepan 
and set the ship down into the melted hot wax to cover the bot- 
tom thoroughly. Use a teaspoon for pouring the liquid wax 
over all sides, about one inch up from the bottom of the 
boat. This bath of wax should render your ship perfectly water- 
tight, but test the httle craft on water to make sure that it does 
not leak. 

Cut the Sails 

of very light-weight writing-paper, the top edge straight, side 
edges slanting, and bottom edge curved inward. Make the 
greatest height of the foresail for the bow four inches, the width 
three and one-half inches. With the scissors point, punch two 
small holes in this foresail, one in the middle at the top and one 



16 Things for Home, Gift Days and Fairs 




in the middle at the bottom. En- 
large the holes slightly by inserting 
the point of a lead pencil and 
twisting the pencil gently around 
(Fig. 599). Remember that all 
holes for the masts to run through 
must be made rather small, to pre- 
vent the sails from sliding too far 
down the masts. Bend the top 
and bottom of the sails together to 
curve the paper, that the sails may 
Fig. 599.-The foresau. appear to be in a good stiff breeze 

when fastened on the masts. Slide the foresail you have just 
made on the foremast; it will stay in place without glue. Make 

A Paper Flag 

like Fig. 600, for the mainmast, one and three- 
fourths inches long and one and one-half inches 
wide. Cut two holes at one side as shown in 
the diagram, divide the remaining space into 
four squares and paint the two diagonal squares, Q and 

Q, red. 

Make the Main-Topsail 

three and one-fourth inches long 
and three and three- fourths 
inches wide (Fig. 601). For the 

Crow's-Nest 



°Q 







Q 



Fig. 600. — The flag. 




Fig. 601. — The main-topsail. 



saw or cut off the top of an 
ordinary wooden spool and paint 



Columbus and His Pai)er Ship 



17 





red downward 

points around 

T,. ^ n,, the top edge, a 

Fig. 602.— The ^ ^ ° ' 

crow's-nest, pointed band 
around the centre, and two 
straight, narrow bands at 
the lower edge (Fig. 602). 

The Mainsail 

(Fig. 603) must be four and 
one-half inches long and 
five inches wide. Paint a 
red cross on it as shown in 
the diagram. Slide the main- 
sail well down on the mainmast; over it place the spool top 
"crow's-nest"; next run on the main-topsail and sHp the flag 

on the tiptop. 



The Jigger Sail 

for the mizzenmast at 
the stern of the boat 
must be five inches high 
and five inches wide 
(Fig. 604). Paint the 
paper pennant (Fig. 
605) blue, and bend it 
into several waves. 
Slide the jigger sail in 
place on the mizzenmast 
and top it with the blue 
pennant. Your fin- 




Fig. 604. — The jigger sail is shaped like this 



18 Things for Home, Gift Days and Fairs 




Fig. 605. — A bright colored pennant. 




Fig. 606. — Cut Columbus out by this pattern. 



ished vessel 
should re- 
semble closely the 
illustration. If you 
want to 

Paint the Santa 
Maria 

do so before giving it 
the wax bath. Color 
the hull a reddish 
brown, the masts 
brown, and the sails 
a light orange; this 
will give a very pretty 
effect. 

Now for the char- 
acters of our little 
drama. Make 

Columbus 

of heavy stiff writing- 
paper or very Hght- 
weight cardboard, like 
the pattern (Fig. 606), 
which measures from 
the top of the head 
to the lowest edge of 
the stand, four and 
three - fourths inches. 
Without the stand the 



Columbus and His Paf>er Ship 



19 






Fig. 609. — Cut the hat 
like this. 




Fig. 608. — Turn back the front 

edges. 



Fig. 610.— The hat 
is folded. 



figure measures four inches. Carefully 
cut out Columbus, mark his features, 
hair, and clothing in black ink. Cut his 
cloak (Fig. 607) of red tissue paper, bend 
at dotted lines across the shoulders, and 
fold back the open 



front as in Fig. 608. 
Make the red 
tissue paper cap 
(Fig. 609), and 
fold lengthwise 
across centre 
(Fig. 610); then 
put both cloak 
and hat on Co- 
lumbus, that he 
may be ready to 
start on his 
journey (Fig. 
611). Cut out 

Fig. 61 1. —Columbus in his red cloak. ^ number 01 




Fig. 612. — One of the sailors. 



20 Things for Hojne, Gift Days and Fairs 




Fig. 613. — The Indian. 



sailors (Fig. 612) to go on the boat with 
Columbus, and a lot of Indians (Fig. 613) 
for Columbus to find when he lands on the 
shores of America, at the other end of the 
bathtub. 

Make Wigwams 

for the Indians of paper cut in half circles. 
Bend back narrow, pie-shaped pieces along 
the two straight edges of each half circle, 
make the pie-shaped pieces reach midway 
up toward the centre; then bend the half 
circles into tent- like forms, pin the two 
top edges of each one together, and you 
will have wigwams, with the doorway flaps 
bent back. Cut off the top peak of each, 




Fig. 614. — Make several paper wigwams. Fig. 615. — King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella. 



Cohmibtts and His Pai)er Ship 21 

wigwam and stand some heavy long broom straws in the opening 
to represent poles used in real wigwams (Fig. 614). 
Fig. 615 shows 

King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella 

of Spain, seated on their pasteboard throne, ready to receive 
Columbus. 

Queen Isabella gave three ships to Columbus, but the Santa 
Maria was the largest vessel, and the one which carried Colum- 
bus. The two smaller boats were named the Pinta and the 
Nina. You can make these smaller ships or use any little boats 
you happen to have; they are not very important. 




bD 
bO 

a 



bD 

a 

'% 
o 

en 







CLOTHES-PIN TOYS 
A Pioneer's Cabin 

OW to amuse the children and keep them quiet 
for hours together can often be solved by giving 
them a lot of nice, clean, wooden clothes-pins 
to play with. 

No manufactured building-blocks or kinder- 
garten toys can equal them in this respect. 

The following are the directions for making the 
farm-yard and church shown in Figs. 15 and 16. 
Use ordinary five-inch wooden clothes-pins 
for most of the work. To erect the log-house 
place two clothes-pins on the floor or table a few inches apart, 
have them parallel with heads toward your left hand (Fig. i). 
Across and on top of these lay two more with both heads facing 
you (Fig. 2). Then build on two over the last, allowing the open 
ends to come toward 
your left hand and to 
lie directly over the 
heads of the first two 
clothes-pins (Fig. 3 A 
and A). Continue 
building in this way, always alternating the ends of the clothes- 
pins, first the heads, next the open ends, then the heads, and so on. 

23 



Qd 



St 



Fig. 




24 



Clothes-Pin Toys 




Fig. 3. 



You will need twenty-eight clothes-pins for one section 
of the saddle-bag log-house, seven pairs of pins extending 
from side to side and seven pairs from front to back. A 

short distance from 
and parallel to this 
little structure build 
another like it, 
always being care- 
ful to place the 
clothes-pins with 
the open side down- 
ward that they may 
lie flat and steady, — if placed on the rounded side the pins may 
turn and slip and the house will fall down. 

For the roof of the house fold half a sheet of ordinary newspaper 
lengthwise through the centre into a long, double strip, fold and 
crease the strip crosswise through the centre; then as the folded strip 
lies before you bend back one end about five and one-half inches 
(Fig. 5,) turn the paper over and bend back the other end (Fig. 6). 
Open out the strip and you will have a peaked roof of two thick- 
nesses of newspaper 
(Fig. 7). Lift the 
paper with both 
hands, one hand at 
each end, and, push- 
ing the central bend 
slightly together, lay 
the paper across 

both buildings so that the centre will come over the middle of the 
open way between the two little log structures ; you will then have 
a miniature saddle-bag log-cabin, as shown in Fig. i6. 




Fig. 6. 



Clothes-Pin Toys 



25 




Begin the fence at the right-hand side of the grounds and build 
toward the left, lay the open end of one clothes-pin on the head of 
another and when the first layer of rails extends as far as desired, 
commence again at the 
right hand and build on a 
second layer of clothes-pin 
rails (Fig. 8). This is the 
way the young man, Abe 
Lincoln, built his rail fence. 

Make a gateway-post by • 
running the open end of one clothes-pin through the open side 
of a second clothes-pin, push the second pin up a little and slide 
the end of the first pin through the side of a third pin, bringing 
the upright pin on the outside of one horizontal pin and on the 
inside of the other (Fig. 9). Make a second post in the same 
manner and attach 3ach post to one end of the front opening of 
the fence by sliding one fence rail between the horizontal pins 
of the post (Fig. 9 B and B). Then build another pin on top as 
shown in Fig. 16. 

If you have shorter clothes-pins use them for the buck-saw, slip 
the two open ends of two pins through each other, do the same 

with two more 
clothes-pins, then 
stand the two X's 
you have made 
near each other and 
lay a clothes-pin 
across the space, resting one end on each of the X supports (Fig. 
4 on the preceding page). 

The woodpile is simply a pile of clothes-pins alternating head and 
open end. On each end of the pile is an upright clothes-pin stuck 




Fig. 8. 



26 



Clothes-Pin Toys 



far enough through a horizontal pin to hold it firm, as shown in 

Fig. 1 6. 

Tear a strip crosswise from half a sheet of newspaper, tear the 

strip into fine fringe, roll the untorn edge into a wad and push the 

wad into the open 
end of a clothes-pin, 
stand the pin on its 
head and lo ! there 
is a little tree (Fig. 

ID). 

Select a short 
clothes-pin for the 





Fig. 9- 



pioneer's little wife, fashion her dress skirt of a strip of news- 
paper, gather the paper along one edge with your fingers and tie 
the gathered 'edge around the clothes-pin a short distance beneath 
the head (Fig. 12). Cut a three-cornered piece of red tissue 
paper or of newspaper for her shawl (Fig. 13) and make a sun- 
bonnet of a folded strip of white tissue paper 
or a single strip of newspaper, bring the two 
ends of the paper together forming a loop 
and pin the top back edges of the loop to- 
gether, put it on the little clothes-pin head 
and tie a string around the neck over the 
bonnet (Fig. 14). 

When the pioneer (fcil- 
h o m e is finished 
^'^' ^°- build the log-church. 

For this you must have long logs; form them of two clothes-pins with 
the open ends slid firmly in together (Fig. 11), then erect the main 
portion of the structure by building it up in log-cabin style to a 
sufficient height; on the top lay a flat roof of the, long logs, and on 




Fig. II. 



Clothes-Pin Toys 



27 



the centre front of the 
roof build a little log- 
house of single clothes- 
pins as you build the 
one half of the pioneer 
cabin. The little log- 
hduse on the roof forms 
part of the steeple; 
make its roof of a layer 
of single clothes-pins running across from side to side. Build a 
sawbuck (Fig. 4) on top of this little roof to form the peak of the 




Fig. 12, 



Fig- 13. 



Fig. 14. 




Fig. 15.— The Log Church. 



28 Clothes-Pin Toys 

steeple. Make the sawbuck upside down with the heads of the 
pins resting on the roof and one of the X ends facing the front of 
the church. This will make the peak of the roof. 

Now stand two clothes-pins in the open side of one pin to form 
one side of the church entrance; make the other side in the same 
way; then lay a clothes-pin along the top of each side with head 
facing you. Over the last pins build on a roof by laying clothes- 
pins across from side to side. Fig. 15 shows the log-church com- 
pleted. 

These interesting little toys not only amuse the children but at 
the same time give them an idea of how the pioneers had to build 
their homes with the material at hand. The cost of these home- 
made toys is almost nothing, as only clothes-pins and a news- 
paper are required, both of which are common enough in almost 
every household. 



A TOY COLONIAL KITCHEN WITH FAC- 
SIMILE COLONIAL FURNISHINGS. 




OULD it not be 
fun to see a yoke 
of real live oxen 
come slowly walk- 
ing into the kitch- 
en dragging a load of 
logs? That is what 
many of the colonial 
boys and girls saw 
every day, and frequently the boys helped their fathers 
cut the logs which were for the big kitchen fireplace. And 
such a fireplace ! Large enough for the huge, roaring 
fire and the chimne}— seats also. These were placed close 
against the sides of the opening, making fine places for the 
boys and girls to sit and listen to thrilling tales of adven- 
ture or delightful fairy stories. 

The kitchen in those days was the chief apartment and 
the most interesting room in the house. Who would want 
to go into the stiff, prim "best room" when they could be 
so much more comfortable in the spacious kitchen where 
everyone was busy and happy, and where apples could be 
hung by a string in front of the fire to roast and made to 
spin cheerily when the string was twisted, that all sides 
might be equally heated? Any girl or boy to-day would be 



From " Recreations for Girls.' 



Copyright, igo4, igo6, by Charles Scribner's Sons. 
29 



A Toy Colonial Kitchen 



31 



only too glad of a chance to sit on a log in front of such a 
fire and watch red apples turn and sputter as the heat broke 
the apple skin, setting free the luscious juice to trickle down 
the sides. 

As the Indian's first thought was for shelter, and he put 
up his wigwam, so the early settler's first thought was for 
shelter, and he built, not a wigwam, but a log-house with a 
kitchen large enough to serve as a general utility room. It 

IBoLck, 9/£ inch 




Kitchen FlooT* 




Fig. 205. — Kitchen floor. 



was filled with various things, and all articles in it were used 
constantly. Everything not brought from the mother 
country the settlers made by hand. The colonial kitchen 
you can build may be of gray or white cardboard. Old 
boxes, if large enough, will answer the purpose. 

I will tell you exactly how I built the colonial kitchen 
seen in Fig. 204. I made the floor (Fig. 205), the two side 
walls both alike (Fig. 206), the back wall (Fig. 207), and the 
interior of the fireplace (Fig. 208) of light-gray cardboard. 



32 



Handicraft for Girls 



I cut all the heavy 
lines, scored and 
then bent all the 
dotted lines. 

Now you do 
the same thing. 
Get your meas- 
urements correct 
and be careful to 
make the lines 
perfectly straight. 
Before putting 
the kitchen to- 
gether, fasten the rustic brackets, cut from a branching 
twig (Fig. 209), on the wall above the mantel-piece to sup- 





Top 






Side Wall^ 



5h 




Q 


-p 


TBottrom. 





9^ inch 

Fig. 206. — Side wall. 





A 

• • 

A 

• • 






• • 








iH 








-a 


-J 


Gi^ 


G^^inoVi 






5" 


M 






« 

1 
1 

1 

t 

i 
t 

1 




s- 




\*/»-incAi 


^<x^ 


r 


D 


D 

5' 


r 


IP 


c 




: ^' 

■ 5 


• • 


c 


S 






5* 



Wnch. .sf—.^)!, Vnc>i 



Fig. 207.- 



4 Xl^^cIx 

-Back wall. 



\\-»io\'»- 



A Toy Colonial Kitchen 



35 



port the flintlock gun. Take two stitches through the 
wall around each twig; as shown in Fig. 210, at the dots 
A and A and B and B (Fig. 207). 







Qr 




fc/&. iT\c\-i 




q 






a 

























c 
























^ 












so 










t* 


1 
* 

• 




• 

i 
f 
1 




(^ 


? 











1 




^ 




f 






i 














'««• 










.<:f 


1^ 




1 




CO 


. \% 




1 






D 




P:io 




D 




D 


XiiVcV 


E J 


i 
i ! 


5 \-*vc.\i 




E 




\ 


Vs-u^s-Ues 


> VtincJk^ 











Fig. 208. — Interior of fireplace. 

Every colonial fireplace boasted of 

A Strong Crane 

upon which to hang the pots and kettles over the fire. 
One end of the crane was bent down and attached to the 
side chimney wall by iron rings. These rings allowed the 



34 



Handicraft for Girls 



crane to turn so that the extending iron rod could be swung 
forward to receive the hanging cooking utensils and then 
pushed back, carrying the pot and 
kettles over the fire for the con- 
tents to cook. The crane was black 
and of iron. A hair-pin (Fig. 211) 
makes a fine crane. Bend yours, 
as shown in Fig. 212, then with two 
socket-rings made with stitches 
of black darning-cotton fasten the 
crane to the side of the chimney at 
Fig. aog'^-A forked the dots C and C (Fig. 207), and tie pig.^o.-Put 
twig for the a piecc of the darning-cotton on the t^e brackets 





bracket 



up in this way. 



little crane immediately below the 
lower socket-ring ; bring the thread diagonally across to 
the top arm of the crane an inch and a quarter from the 

free end and again tie it securely (Fig. 213). 
Bend the two sides of 



The Fireplace 

F and F (Fig. 207) as in Fig, 213. Bend for- 
ward the interior of the fireplace (Fig. 208) at 
dotted lines, and | 

fit Fig. 208 on the 



Fig. 211.— The 
crane is made 
of a hair-pin. 



back of Fig. 207 

to form the inside 

of the fireplace 

and the rpantel- 

piece. Slide the 
slashed top strips of the sides of the fireplace D,D,D,D 
(Fig. 207), back of the slashed strips D,D,D,D (Fig. 208), 
which will bring the two centres E and E of the sides in 



Fig . 212. — The crane. 



A Toy Colonial Kitchen 



35 



Fig. 208 behind F and F in Fig. 207, and will thus form two 
layers on the sides of the chimney. Push the edge G and 
G of Fig. 208 through the slit G and G in Fig. 207 to form 
the mantel-piece, then bend down the edge of mantel-piece 
along dotted line. 
You must have 

An Oven 

at one side of the great fireplace for baking the wholesome 
" rye and Indian " bread, and the delicious home-made apple, 




Fig. 213. — ^Back wall, showing crane hung and oven door open. 

pumpkin, rice and cranberry pies. In colonial days thirty 
large loaves of bread or forty pies would often be baked at 
one time, so spacious were the ovens. These side-ovens 
used to be heated by roaring wood fires built inside of them 
and kept burning for hours. When the oven was thoroughly 
hot the cinders and ashes were brushed out and in went 
the pies with a lot of little ones called "patties," for the 



36 



Handicraft for Girls 



children. When these were cooked to a golden brown 
each child was given his own piping hot " patt}-." 

Make your box-like oven according to Fig. 214, cut the 
heavy lines, score and bend the dotted lines. Bring the 
side H to the side I ; lap I over H so that the two slits, J 
and J, will exactly fit one over the other; then bend the 
back down and run the flap J on the back through the two 
slits J on the side, and the flap K through the slit K. 



A A- »"-v\<i.\\e^ 




BotXb"nr». 



\/8»'\^tVv 






H 

\/a\'r>cVv 



Fig. 214. — ^The oven. 



Adjust the oven back of the oven door L (Fig. 207), and 
fasten it tight on the wall by sliding the flap M of the oven 
(Fig. 214) through the slit M (Fig. 207) above the oven 
door ; bend it down flat against the wall. Bring the bottom 
oven-flap N in through and over the lower edge of the oven 
door-way N (Fig. 207) and bend that also flat against the 
wall (Fig. 213). The two side oven flaps will rest against 
the back of the wall on each side of the oven door-way. 

Now that is finished firm and strong, and you can 



A Toy Colonial Kitchen 



37 



Put the Kitchen Together 

in a few moments. Lay the floor (Fig. 
205) down flat on a table; bend up the 
two diagonal sides O and O, and slide 
the slit P in the side wall (Fig. 206) down 
into the slit F of the floor (Fig. 205), 
bringing the wall (Fig. 206) in front of 
the upturned floor-piece O (Fig. 205). In 
the same way fasten the other side wall 
on the floor. Slip the two slits Q and 
Q of the back wall (Fig. 207) down 
across the top slits (Q, Fig. 206) of the 
side walls. While bringing the back 
wall (Fig, 207) down to the floor, slide 
its outside strips S and S over and 
outside of the upturned pieces of the 
floor, S and S (Fig. 205), to hold them in place. 

As soon as the Indian's wigwam was up, he had a brisk 
fire to cook by, for after shelter came food. The white 
man did likewise after his house was built, 
had andirons to help with his fire, even then to 




Fig. 215. — Pattern for 
andiron. 



Though he 



Lay the Fire 

in the immense fireplace re- 
quired some skill. Cut two 
andirons of cardboard (Fig. 
215), bend at dotted lines, paint 
black, and the 
andirons will 
stand alone and 
look like real 

Fig. 216.— The andiron. onCS (Fig. 2 1 6). 





Fig. 217. — ^The flames. 



38 



Handicraft for Girls 



Cut from red, orang-e, yellow, and black tissue-paper 
flames like Fig. 217; bend at dotted line and paste the 




Fig. 218. — The flames leap up the chimney. 

mingled flames one at a time and turned in varying direc- 
tions on a piece of cardboard made to fit the bottom of the 
fireplace. Adjust the little black and- 
irons to the fire and glue them in place ; 
select a large log for the "back-log," 
and a more slender one to lay across the 
front of the andirons. P'lace smaller 
wood in between with the flames, and 
scatter a few bits of black paper on the 
hearth underneath to appear like fallen 
charred wood. When finished the fire 
should look as if it were actually 
sparkling, roaring, and blazing (Fi^. 
218). 
Your fire is ready, so you must hurry and get the 




Fig. 219. — Cut the shell 
in half. 



A Toy Colonial Kitchen 



39 



Great Iron Pot 

to hang over the flames. Break an ^g^ in halves as indi- 
cated by dotted lines in Fig. 219; even off the edge of the 



Fig. 220. — A strip of paper for the handle. 

larger half shell with a pair of scissors, paste a strip of 
tissue-paper over the edge and glue on a stiff paper handle 
(Fig. 220). Cut three pieces of heavy, stiff paper like Fig. 
221, bend at dotted line and pinch the two lower corners on 
part T together to form the pot legs (Fig. 222). Turn the 




Fig. 221. — Cut the pot 
leg like this. 



Fig. 222. — Bend the pot 
leg like this. 



egg-shell upside down and fasten the legs on by gluing the 
flap U (Fig. 221) on the bottom of the shell; the legs should 
enable the pot to stand upright. Turn 
the egg-shell into iron by painting the 
handle and outside of the pot jet black 
(Fig. 223). Swing the crane forward, 
hang on the pot, pretend you have some- 
thing to cook in it, then move the crane 
back over the fire. 

Remember all the time you are play- 
ing, that this is the way your colonial 
ancestors cooked. 

In days of long ago, they had many 




Fig. 223.— Paint the pot 
black. 



Other 



40 



Handicraft for Girls 



Odd Utensils 

One of the easiest for you to make is the long-handled iron 
shovel called a " peel " (Fig. 224), used to place bread and 
pie in the great oven. Cut the peel from stiff cardboard, 
paint it black and stand it up by the side of the chimney 



@ 



00 



Fig. 224. — A queer 
shovel called the 
' 'peel." 




Fig. 225. — Make the toaster by this 
pattern. 



(Fig. 204). Trace the toaster (Fig. 225) on cardboard, paint 
it black, bend up the four semicircular rings and bend 
down the two feet, one on each side (Fig. 226). 

Chicken and other eatables were placed between the 
front and back rinsrs on the toaster and broiled before the 



A Toy Colonial Kitchen 



41 



fire, which was so hot that it was necessary to have 
long handles on all cooking utensils. 

S Several pieces of iron of varying 

lengths, generally made into the shape 
of the letter S, were called Vpot- 
hooks " ; they hung on the 
crane. Make two or three 
Fig. 227.— Make pot-hooks of cardboard 
a pot-hook ^j^(^ T)'A\x\t them black 

like tlus. ^ 

(Fig. 227). When you 
are not using the little toaster, bend 
up the handle and hang it on a pin 
stuck in the wall (Fig. 204). 




Fig. 226. — The toaster. 




Fig. 228. — The spinning-wheel and jointed doll spinning. 



42 



Handicraft for Girls 



Just look at jour little colonial friend, Thankful 
Parker! (Fig, 228). The tiny maid seems almost to be 
stepping lightly forward and backward as she spins out long 




Fig. 239. — Spokes. 



threads of the soft, warm yarn, singing softly all the while a 
little old-fashioned song. How busily she works, and listen! 
you can all but hear the wheel's cheery hum, hum, hum ! 



A Toy Colonial Kitchen 



43 




Fig. 233.— 
Wheel 
brace. 



That's the way the real colonial 
dames used to spin. Such a 

Spinning- Wheel 

belonged to every family, for all 
had to do their own spinning or 
go without the yarn, 
as they could ob- 
tain no assistance 
from others. 

Cut from cardboard the 
spokes (Fig. 229) for your 
miniature colonial spin- 
ning-wheel, the tire (Fig. 230), and the 
two small wheels (Fig. 231). Bend 
forward the fan-shaped ends of each 
spoke (Fig. 229) and glue the tire (Fig. 



Fig. 231. — Small 
wheel. 




ec 






CC II 





JJ 


EE EE 




AA 




I 












BB 










_ ..-. 


DD DD 






FF FF 

















HH 




G Q G 






II 


Fig. 232.— Stand. 




JJ 





44 



Handicraft for Girls 



KK 



LL 



^^ Hoi-e 



230) around on them; let one edge of tire lie flush 
on the edges of the bent ends of the spokes. 

With the exception of the square spaces AA 
and BB on the stand (Fig. 232) cut the heavy 
lines and the little holes ; score, then bend the 
dotted lines. Bend down the long sides and the 
ends fitting the corners against 
and on the inside of the same 
letters on the sides, glue these 
in place and you have a long, 
narrow box with two extensions 
on one side (HH and GG). 
Bend these extensions, also 
their ends II and JJ, and glue 
the ends on the inside of the 
opposite side of the box against 
the places marked II and JJ. 

Turn the box over, bring- 
ing the level smooth side up- 
permost. Cut out the wheel 
brace (Fig. 233), turn it over on 
the other side, then bend AA 
backward and BB forward, 
and glue the brace on the 
box-like stand (Fig. 232) on the 
squares AA and BB. See Fig. 
228. 

Make the upright (Fig. 234) 
of wood ; shave both sides of 
the end, KK, until it is flat and 
thin, then glue a small wheel 
(Fig. 231) on each side, raising 
the wheels above the wood 
that the flat' end of the up- Fig. 234.— upnght. 



MM 



vioue 



Fig. 230.— 
Tire of wheel. 



A Toy Colonial Kitchen 



45 



right may reach only to their centres. Glue the wheels 
together to within a short distance of their edges. 

With the red-hot end of a hat-pin 
bore the hole LL througrh the front of 



Fig. 235. — Hub. 



D 

the upright, and below bore another hole, 
MM, through the side. Make the screw 
(Fig. 238) and the block (Fig. 239) of wood. Run 
the screw through the side hole MM in the up- 
right (Fig. 234), and push the screw on through 
the hole in the top of the block (Fig. 239). Break 
off more than half of a wooden toothpick for the 
spindle (Fig. 236) and pass it through the 
hole LL (Fig. 234). 

Make the hub (Fig. 235) of wood and 

thread it in through the wheel and brace 

(Fig. 233), to hold the wheel in place. Use 

two wooden toothpicks, with the ends 

broken off (Fig. 237), for legs ; insert these 

slantingly into the holes, GG (Fig. 232), 

on the under part of the stand, allowing 

'J the top ends to reach up and rest against 

Spindle, the undcr side of the top of the stand. 

Spread out the bottom ends of the legs. 

Run the upright (Fig. 234) through the single hole near 

one end of the stand (Fig. 232) and pass it down through 

the under hole on HH. The lower part of the upright 

forms the third leg. See that all 
three legs set evenly when 
the wheel stands, and that 
the box part is raised slight- 
ly higher at the upright end, slanting downward 
toward the other end (Fig. 228). Glue the three 
legs firmly in place. 



Fig. 237.— 
Leg. 



Fig. 238. — Screw. 



Fig. 239.— 
Block. 



46 



Handicraft for Girls 




Fig. 240. — Do her hair 
up in this fashion. 



Connect the two small wheels (Fig. 231) 

and the large wheel together by passing a 

string between the small wheels and over 

around the outside of the tire of the 

/large wheel, fastening it on here and 
there with a little glue (Fig, 228). 
^J?".*''':~ Twist a piece of raw cotton on the 

Hair-pin. ^ 

spindle and tie a length of white 
darning-cotton to the end of the cotton 
(Fig. 228). 

Stretch the thread across to the hand of 

your colonial-dressed doll, glue it in place, and the next 

time your mother attends a meeting 

of the Society of Colonial Dames tell 

her to show your little 

maid Thankful Parker 

and her spinning-wheel. 

When you 

Dress the Doll 

coil her hair up on top 
of her head (Fig. 240) and fasten it in place with common 
pins (Fig. 241). Make the straight bang look as nearly as 
possible as though the hair 
were drawn up into a 
Pompadour such as was 
worn in Colonial times. 

Make the cap (Fig. 243) 
of thin white material cut 
like Fig. 242, and the band 
(Fig. 244) of the same color 
as the dress. Cut the thin 

white kerchief like Fig. Fig. 245.— Pattern of kerchief. 




Fig. 242.— Pattern of cap. Fig. 243.— The cap. 



Fig. 244. — Cap band. 




A Toy Colonial Kitchen 



47 



245, and fold it as in Fig. 246. Fig. 247 
gives the design for the dress waist, and 
Fig. 248 the sleeve. The skirt is a straight 
piece gathered into a waist- 
band. The apron (Fig. 249) 
is white. When the doll is 
dressed it should resemble 
little Thankful Parker (Fig. 
228). An 



S>oaK 




D 



Fig. 246.— Fold the 
kerchief like this. 



Old-Fashioned Flintlock 
Rifle 



Fig. 247. — Pattern of 
waist. 




with its long, slender barrel was used almost daily by our 
forefathers for securing game as food. 

The gun was kept hanging in plain sight over the 
kitchen mantel- 
piece, ready for de- 
fence at a moment's 
notice, for in those 
early days wolves 
and other wild ani- 
mals were numer- 
ous and dangerous, 
and enemies were 
also likely to appear 
at any time. 

You should have 
one of those queei 
old guns to adorn 
your kitchen wall. 
Get some heav}' tin- 
Fig. 250.— Lock and ^°^^ ^^ ^^^ ^"P ^^ ^ Fig. 25i.-Make this part of paste- 
band of tinfoil. bottle, or take a col- ''o^'"^- 



Fig. 248.— Pattern of 
sleeve. 





Fig. 249. — ^The apron. 




48 Handicraft for Girls 

lapsible tube and from it cut a wide strip like Fig. 250, one 
narrow, straight strip and two medium-wide straiglit strips, 
four in all. Cut the butt end of 

the gun (Fig. 251) of stiff card- c; o 

board. Break a piece measuring: „. a • < a 

^ » Fig. 252. — A pin for a ramrod. 

four and one-half inches from a 

common coarse steel knitting-needle for your gun-barrel 
and use a slender, round stick, or the small holder of a 

draughtsman's pen, 
cutting it a trifle 
more than three and 
one-half inches in 
length for the ramrod 

Fig. 253. — Slide the paper end in the wood like this. <yrc\c\\jf^ 

In the centre of one end of the stick bore a deep hole 
with the red-hot point of a hat-pin and insert the pointed 
end of an ordinary pin for a ramrod (Fig. 252). Split the 
other end of the stick up through the centre not quite half 
an inch and work the butt end of the gun in the opening 
(Fig. 253). 

Lay the gun-barrel above the wooden part (Fig. 254) and 





Fig. 254. — ^Ready for the tinfoil bands. 



fasten the two together with the four bands of tinfoil 
(Fig. 255), allowing the top part of Fig. 250 to stand up free 
to represent the flintlock. We must be content without 
a trigger unless you can manage to make one by bending 
down and cutting a part of Fig. 250. Paint the butt and 
wooden portion of the gun brown before binding on the 



A Toy Colonial Kitchen 



49 



barrel, and you will find that you have made a very real- 
looking- little rifle to hang upon the rustic brackets over 
the mantel-piece. 




Fig- 255. — Colonial flintlock made of knitting-needle and small pen-holder. 

When the fire in your big kitchen fireplace needs 
brightening, use the 

Little Bellows 

to send fresh air circulating through the smouldering em- 
bers. The bellows are easy to make. Cut two pieces of 
pasteboard like Fig. 256, 
and cut two short strips 
of thin paper. Paste one 
edge of each strip to 
each side of 





Fig. 257. — ^The finished bellows. 



one piece 
of c a r d - 

board bellows, fold the strips across the cen- 
tre (Fig. 256), and attach the free ends of the 
folded strips to the other piece of pasteboard 
bellows, forming a hinge-like connection on 
each side between the two pasteboard sides. 
Paste the points of the two sides together 
up as far as the dotted line (Fig. 256). When 
thoroughly dry you can work the bellows by 
bringing the handles together and opening 
them as you would real bellows (Fig. 257). 
He-avy tinfoil must furnish material for your 



50 



Handicraft for Girls 




Fig. 258. — Colonial pewter dish made 
of tinfoil; 



Pewter Ware ; 

much of it has the same dull, leaden color and the peculiar 
look of old pewter. Should the pieces of tinfoil you find 

be twisted and uneven, lay them 
on a table and smooth out the 
creases with scissors or the dull 
edge of a knife-blade ; then cut 
out round, fiat pieces and holding- 
one at a time in the palm of 
your left hand, round up the 
edges by rolling the ball of a 
hat-pin around and around the plate ; press rather hard and 
soon the edges will begin to crinkle and turn upward (Fig. 
258). You may mould some deeper than others and have a 
row of different-sized pewter plates on the kitchen mantel- 
piece, and you can make a wee pie in the deepest plate, 
open the oven-door and shove the pastry 
into the oven with the little iron peel. 
Tr}^ it. 

The colonial kitchen would be incom- 
plete without a bright. 

Home-like Rag Rug 

to place over the bare board floor, and 
it will be fun for you to weave it. Take 
a piece of smooth brown wrapping-paper Fig. 259.— The warp, 
the size you want your mat, fold it cross- 
wise through the centre and cut across the fold (Fig. 259), 
making a fringe of double pieces which we will call the 
warp. Unfold the paper and weave various colored tissue- 
strips in and out through the brown foundations (Fig. 260), 



A Toy Colonial Kitchen 



51 



until the paper warp is all filled in with pretty, bright 
colors. You can weave the rug " hit or miss" or in stripes 
wide or narrow as you choose, only make the rugs as pretty 
as possible. 

Now we must manufacture a fine 

Old Colonial Clock 

(Fig. 261). It would never do to forget the clock, for poor 
little Thankful would not know how long her many loaves 
of bread were bak- 
ing in the big oven, 
and the bread 
might burn. Cut 
Fig. 262 of card- 
board and score all 
dotted lines, except 
NN — 00, which 
forms the hinge of 
the door. Mark 
this with a pinhole 
at top and bottom, 
turn the c a r d - 
board over and draw a line from pinhole to pinhole ; then 
score it on this line that the door may open properly out- 
ward. Try to draw the face of the clock correctly. Make 
it in pencil first so that any mistake may be erased and cor- 
rected. When you have the face drawn as it should be, go 
over the pencil lines with pen and ink. Begin the face 
with a circle (Fig. 263). Make it as you made the circle for 
the wigwam, only, of course, very much smaller. Above 
the circle, at the distance of half the diameter of the circle, 
draw a curve with your home-made compass (Fig. 264), 
Lengthen the compass a little and make another curve a 




Fig. 260. — Weave the rug in this way. 



52 



Handicraft for Girls 



trifle above the first (Fig. 265). Connect the lower curve 
v\^ith the circle by two straight lines (Fig. 266), draw a small 

QQ 




Fig. 261. — Colonial clock with 
movable weights. 



Fig. 262. — ^The clock is cut in one piece. 



circle above the large one (Fig. 267), connect the two cir- 
cles by two scallops (Fig. 268), and bring the upper curve 



A Toy Colonial Kitchen 



53 



down into a square (Fig. 269). Tlie small top- circle stands 
for the moon; draw a simple face on it like Fig. 270, then 
make the numbers on the large circle 
(Fig. 271) and also the hands (Fig. 272). 
Both numbers and hands must be on the 
same circle on the clock. They are on 
two different circles in the diagrams that 
you may see exactly how to draw them. 

Leave Fig. 269 white, but paint the 
other portions of the clock a light reddish 
brown with black lines above and below the door, and a 
black band almost entirely across the bottom edge of the 
front of the clock that the clock may appear to be standing 
on feet. Gild the three points on the top to make them 
look as if made of brass. 

Be sure that the four holes in the top (Fig. 262) are fully 




Fig. 263. — Draw the circle. 






Fig. 264. — Then a curve 
above the circle. 



Fig- 265. — Another curve 
above the first one. 



Fig. 266. — Connect the 
lower curve with the 
circle by two lines. 



large enough to allow a coarse darning-needle to be passed 
readily through them ; then bend the clock into shape, fit- 
ting the extension PP over the extension QQ ; the two 
holes in PP must lie exactly over those in ^^^ Glue the 



54 



Handicraft for Girls 



clock together, using the blunt end of a lead-pencil, or any 
kind of a stick, to assist in holding the sides and tops to- 
gether until the glue is perfectly dry. 

Thread a piece of heavy black darning-cotton in the larg- 




Fig. 267. — Draw a small Fig. 268.— Connect the two Fig. 269.— Extend line of upper 
circle above the large one. circles by two scallops. circle down to form a square. 

est-sized long darning-needle you can find; on one end of 
the thread mould a cylinder-shaped piece of beeswax, cover 
it with thin tinfoil, then open the clock-door and hold the 




Fig. 270. — Make this face 
in the small circle. 




Fig. 271. — Put the num- 
bers on the clock face 
in this way. 




Fig. 272. — Make the 
hands of the clock 
like these. 



clock with its head bent outward and downward from you. 
Look through the open door and see the holes on the inside 
of the top ; run your needle through one of these holes and 



A Toy Colonial Kitchen 



55 



across the top on the outside, 
bringing.it down through the 
other hole into the clock. Slip 
the needle off the thread and 
mould another piece of bees- 
wax on the free end of the 
thread, make it the same size 
and shape as the first weight, 
cover this also with tinfoil and 
you will have clock-weights 

(Fig. 273) for wind- 
ing up the old-fash- 

ioned timepiece. 

Gently pull down 

one weight and the 

other will go up, 

just as your colonial 

forefathers wound 

their clocks. When 

the weight is pulled 

down in the real 

clock it winds up 

the machinery, and 

the clock continues 

its tick, tack, tick, 

like the ancient timepiece Longfellow 

tells us of, stationed in the hall of 

the old-fashioned country-seat. 
Do you like real country buttermilk, and have you ever 
helped churn ? If you live in the city or for some other 
reason are not able to make the butter, you can still enjoy 
manufacturing a little 




Fig. 273.— Weights for winding 
the clock. 





Fig. 275- — The churn. 



Fig. 274. — Pattern of the churn. 



56 



Handicraft for Girls 



Colonial Churn 

that will look capable of producing the best sweet country 

butter (Fig-. 275). 

Cut Fig. 274 of heavy paper or light-weight cardboard ; 
mark three bands on it (Fig. 275). 
Make your churn much, larger than 
pattern, have it deep enough to stand 
as high as Fig. 275. Glue the sides 
together along the dotted lines, turn 

up the circular bottom and glue the extensions up 

around the bottom of the churn. Fit a cork in the 




276. — Cork lid 
to the churn. 







Jig. 278.— 
Dasher. 



Fig. 279. — ^Push the end 
of the handle through 
the dasher. 



Fig. 280.— Cut 
end of handle 
pasted on the 
dasher. 



Fig. 277.^ 
Handle of 
the dasher. 



top for the churn-lid and make a hole through the centre of 
the cork for the handle of the dasher (Fig. 276). Make the 
handle by rolling up a strip of paper as you would roll a 
paper lighter. Glue the loose top end of the handle on its 
roll ; then cut the large end of the handle up a short dis- 
tance through its centre (Fig. 2"]^]). Cut the dasher (Fig. 
278) from cardboard, slide it over 
the divided end of handle (Fig. 279), 
bend the two halves of the handle- 
end in opposite directions, and glue 
them 011 the dasher as shown in 
Fig. 280. Slip the handle of dasher 
^. „ „ ., ^ ., ..^ through the cork lid (Fig. 281), and 

Fig. 281. — Put the handle of the => . _ \ fc>. y 

dasher through the lid. fit the lid in the chum (Fig. 275). 




A Toy Colonial Kitchen 57 

Paint the churn and handle of dasher a light-yellow-brown 
wood color, the bands black, and when dry you can work 
the dasher up and down the same as if the churn were a 
real one. Stand the churn in your kitchen not far from the 
fire so that little Thankful may attend to the cooking while 
she is churning. 




The Tissue Paper Christinas Greens Look Very Natural. 



NEW CHRISTMAS DECORATIONS 




REATHES of the spiked leaf 
holly, branches of white ber- 
ried mistletoe and yards of 
evergreen rope can be made 
of tissue paper to look so 
natural ^t is difficult to 
believe Mother^ Nature did 
not provide the material 



Paper 

enough for the making of Christmas greens to decorate an ordi- 
nary room quite lavishly may be bought for fifty cents or less. 
One sheet of tissue paper v^ill make thirty-two holly leaves. One 
sheet of tissue paper will make a large bunch of mistletoe and 
one sheet of tissue paper will make one yard of evergreen rope. 
Complete success in this work depends largely upon the paper 
used and great care must be taken in selecting the colors. The 
quahty should be good, else it will lack the necessary crispness 
and staying properties. 

For the holly and evergreen choose a dark moss-green paper, 
which is a yellow green with no tinge of blue. For the mistletoe 
you must have a light gray-green, also of a yellow tone, a Hght 
cardinal red for the brilliant holly berries, white for the waxy 
mistletoe berries and dark gray-brown lor holly stems. One 

From " Things Worth Doing." Copyright, iqob, by Charles Scribncr's Sons. 

59 



60 Things for Home, Gift Days and Fairs 



sheet each of the red and white paper will probably be sufficient 
for all the berries you will want, and one sheet of gray-brown will 
answer for the stems. Besides the paper you must have a spool 
of fine wire or coarse thread for winding and some natural bare 
branches or twigs, or a roll of heavy bonnet wire for stems. 
Begin with the 

Holly 

and cut one sheet of the dark moss-green tissue paper in half 
(Fig. 395). Fold the half sheet according to the dotted lines 
through the middle and you will have Fig. 396. Fold Fig. 396 
through the middle as shown by the dotted line and there will be 
Fig. 397. Bring the two ends of Fig. 397 together, folding at 
the dotted line, and it will give you Fig. 398. Again fold along 

the dotted central line and 
you will have Fig. 399. Fold 



through 




Fig. 396. — Fold the half sheet of paper. 



Fig. 395. — Cut a sheet of tissue paper in half. 



Fig. 397. — Fold again. 



New Christmas Decorations 



61 









; 




^s 






s 




^ 






[ 




J 






% 




^ 



Fig. 398.— Bring the ends together. F'g- 399-— Fold once more. 

the dotted line, for the last time and there will be an oblong, 
one and three-quarter inches wide by five inches long. 

With a soft lead pencil draw the outline of a half holly leaf 
after the pattern (Fig. 400), the fold of the paper forming the 
straight edge of the outhne. Cut along the pencil line, open the 
fold and there will be sixteen leaves like Fig. 401. The dotted line 




Fig. 400. — The paper is 
folded and leaf cut out 
like this. 




Fig. 401. — Sixteen leaves like this. 



62 Things for Home, Gift Days and Fairs 



running lengthwise through 
the middle of the leaf shows 
where the paper was folded. 
Have a damp sponge ready 
and shghtly moisten the fingers 
of your right hand -on the 
sponge — never with your lips 
in handling green paper. 
Take one leaf in your left 
hand and with the moist 
fingers of your right hand 
twist each point of the leaf 
into a sharp spike, beginning 
at the top of the leaf as in 
Fig. 402. Twist the lower 

Fig. 402.— Begin at the top to twist the points, part of the leaf iuto a stexn 

(Fig. 403) and, refolding the leaf down 

the middle, pinch the underside of the 

fold to form the mid-rib, bringing your 






Fig. 403. — Pinch the underside to form 
the mid-rib. 



Fig. 404. — The finished leaf 
will look like this. 



New Christmas Decorations 



63 



two hands together and puffing the paper a httle as you do so 
(Fig. 403). The finished leaf should resemble Fig. 404. The 
crinkled appearance given by pinching and twisting adds much 
to the natural look of the leaf. You may vary the size, making 
some leaves smaller than others, but keep as nearly as possible 
to the pattern, for experiment has proved it to be a good one. 
Before putting your leaves on the stems make the 

Holly Berries, 

for they must be fastened on first. 

From your red tissue paper cut a number of pieces two and 
a half inches square, make a little ball of raw cotten a trifle larger 




Fig. 405. — Place the cotton in the 
centre of the paper. 




Fig. 406. — Draw the paper 
arouad the ball. 




Fig. 407. — Wrap the three 
stems together. 




Fig. 408. — Cut off the 
ragged ends. 



64 Things for Home, Gift Days and Fairs 




Fig. 409. — Fasten the berries to 
the end of a twig. 



Fig. 410.— Beginning to wrap the st^m. 




Fig. 411. — The stem is 
wrapped with paper. 



Fig. 412. — Fasten the leaves to the stem. 



New Christmas Decorations 



65 



than a good sized pea and place it in the centre of one of the 

squares of paper (Fig. 405). Draw the paper up and around 

the ball, completely covering it, then twist the remainder of the 

paper into a stem (Fig. 406). Make three berries, twisting their 

stems as tightly as 

possible and bunch 

them. With your fine 

wire or thread, wrap 

the three stems closely 

together (Fig. 407) 

and cut off the ragged 

ends (Fig. 408). Take 

up a natural branch 

and wrap the stems 

of the berries to the 

end of a twig (Fig. 

409). Cut a strip of 

the gray-brown paper 

half an inch wide 

and about four inches 

long, and, beginning 

close to the berries 

(Fig. 410), wrap the 

stem with the paper 

as shown in Fig. 411, 

Fasten three leaves ^'^' 413-— Place the other leaves about one inch apart. 

to the stem close to the berries as in Fig. 412, and place other 
leaves about one inch apart, alternating first on one side then on 
the other side of the stem (Fig. 413). 
When the holly is to be made into 




66 Things for Home, Gift Days and Fairs 

Wreaths, 

the branches should not be large and a small wooden or wire 
hoop should form the foundation of the vreath. Upon this 
hoop the small branches of holly must be bound, overlapping 
one another and extending out beyond the hoop to form a gen- 
erous wreathe A bright red ribbon bow, fastened at the top of 
the holly wreath, gives it a still more realistic effect. 

For Mistletoe 

cut the gray-green tissue paper into pieces eight and one-half 
inches long by one and a half inches wide. Bring the two ends of 
a strip together, folding through the middle, to form the oblong 




Fig. 414. — Bring the two ends of the strip 
together. 



Fig. 415 — Cut out the mistletoe leaf in this 
way. 



(Fig. 414). Fold Fig. 414 lengthwise through the middle along 
the dotted line and on it draw the outline of half of a mistletoe 
leaf, with the straight edge on the long fold and the stem end on 




Fig. 416. — The twin leaves. 



the short fold of the paper (Fig. 415). Cut along this outline, 
open the folds and you will have twin leaves like Fig. 416. Bring 
the two open leaves together and twist the connecting part into 



New Christinas Decorations 



61 




Fig. 417. — Twist the connecting part into a stem. 




Fig. 418. — Nestle a couple of berries in between two leaves. 

a stem like Fig. 417. Make a number of white mistletoe berries 
according to the directions given for the red holly berries and 
wrap them together in pairs; then nestling a couple close in 
between two leaves (Fig. 418) wrap them on the stem. The 



Stems 

of the mistletoe should be very irregular and branching, and it 
may be necessary to make them of bonnet wire in order to pro- 
duce the proper shape. 

Fig. 419 shows the branching irregular stem and the position 
of leaves and berries. Some of the twigs should be left bare, as 
they are so often on the natural mistletoe branch. 

Fasten on the leaves and berries by wrapping with fine wire 
and then cover the stems with strips of the gray-green tissue 
paper, wrapping it as directed in making the holly branch. The 
only difference being that while the holly stem is wrapped with 
paper only far enough to cover the red stems of the berries and 
the leaves are put on afterwards, the mistletoe leaves must be 



68 Things for Home, Gift Days and Fairs 

fastened on with the berries and the entire stem then covered 
with the paper. You will remember that the stems of the natural 




Fig. 419. — Put the leaves and berries on the stem. 

mistletoe are as pale in color as the leaves, so no dark wood must 
show in your branch. 

Hang your bunch of mistletoe from the chandelier and you 
will find that no one will stop to examine it too closely, and the 
Christmas games can be played just as merrily under the paper 
as under the real mistletoe. 

There now remains but the 

Ropes of Evergreen 

to complete the time-honored Christmas decorations. 

Fold a sheet of the dark moss-green tissue paper crosswise, 
then fold again and you will have an oblong a Httle less than four 



New Christmas Decorations 



69 



inches wide and the length of the paper's width. Press the folds 
down flat and cut them open with a paper knife, then, keeping 
the strips together, fold crosswise through the middle; again 




Fig. 420. — Cut this oblong into a 
fringe. 




Fig. 421. — ^Begin the evergreen rope in this way. 



fold crosswise through the middle and there will be an oblong 
like Fig. 420. Cut this oblong into a fringe, bringing the slits 
to within one inch of the top edge and making each strip not 
more than one- quarter of an inch wide (Fig. 420). Unfold and 




Fig. 422. — The evergreen rope is made like this. 

separate four pieces to loosen the fringe, then place the top edges 
of the four pieces together once more and, taking a long piece of 
strong twine, curl the right hand upper comer of the heading of 



70 Things for Home, Gift Days and Fairs 

the fringe over the twine near the end (Fig. 421). From this 
start to wrap the fringe around and around the twine forming 
the rope shown in Fig. 422. 

When you have almost reached the ends of the first four 
strips of fringe, paste the ends of the headings of four more 
strips on to the first and continue to wrap as before. In this way 
you may make your evergreen rope as long as you wish. 

There is just one word of caution which must go with the 
assurance of the real beauty of these Christmas decorations and 
that is: Remember to hang your wreaths and ropes where they 
will not be exposed to the flames of gas, candle or lamp, for while 
they are scarcely more inflammable than the natural greens, it is 
not well to take any risks and neither is it at all necessary. With 
this in mind your rooms may be inexpensively, prettily and safely 
decorated with the tissue paper Christmas greens. 



AN INDIAN ENCAMPMENT 




Take for 



Indian encampment for your very own ! 
A wigwam, camp-fire, Indian travois, blan- 
ket-weaving loom, gorgeous feathered 
head-di-ess, bow, arrows and shield, 
tomahawk, wampum, and a little cop- 
per-colored papoose in its funny stiff 
cradle, hanging on a tree entirely 
alone ! Does not all that sound 
delightful? The complete scene 
can actually be made to appear 
in your room at home. 

The Ground 



a common pastry-board or any kind of board of the desired 
size — about nineteen by twenty-six inches — and for grass 
cover one side and the four edges of the board with a piece 
of light-green cotton flannel stretched tight, fleece side up, 
and tacked to the under side of the board. Sprinkle sand 
and small stones on the grass at one side of the wigwam, to 
show w^here the grass has been worn off by the tramping of 
the Indians, the bronco pony, and the dog, for all Indians 
possess dogs of some description. If you have a toy dog of 
suitable size, stand him by the fire where he will be com- 
fortable. Before the red men owned horses, a dog was al- 
ways used to drag the travois, and to this day the braves 
care as much for a dog as does any pale-faced boy — which 

From " Recreations /or Girls." Copyright, IQ04., IQ06, by Charles Scribtter s Sous. 

71 



72 



Handicraft for Girls 



is saying much, for a white boy and any kind of a dog make 
devoted friends and comrades. 

Now that we have our camping-ground, the first thing 
we must do is to 

Put Up the Wigwam 

for shelter. Draw an eight-inch diameter circle on the 

grass near one end of the ground. Fold a strip of paper 

lengthwise, stick a pin 
through one end of the paper 
and drive it down into the 
board where you wish the 
centre of the circle, push the 
point of a lead pencil 
^ through the other end of 
the paper four inches from 
the pin; keep the pin steady 

while you move the pencil around many times until a 

circle appears plainly on the grass (Fig. 167). 

Cut twelve slender sticks eleven inches long and sharpen 

the heavy end of each into a flat point (Fig. 168). The sticks 

must be straight, for they are wigwam-poles. Tie three 

poles together two inches 

from their tops and spread 

out the sharpened ends at 

nearly equal distances apart 




Fig. 167. — Home-made compass; 



Fig. 168. — Pole sharpened to flat point. 



on the circle line ; mark the spots where they rest and bore 
gimlet-holes in each place through the cloth into the wood. 
Enlarge each hole with a penknife and insert the poles, push- 
ing the sharpened points down firmly into the holes (Fig. 
169). Add seven more poles around the circle, keeping the 
spaces between all about even. Sink these last poles in the 
ground as you did the first three ; then tie the tops together 



An Indian Encampment 



73 



around the first three poles, 
and you will have the wig- 
wam frame-work of ten 
poles standing strong and 
firm. 

Make the cover of un- 
bleached or brown-tinted 
cotton cloth cut like Fig. 
170. Mark the curved 
lower edge with the home- 
made compass used for the 
grass circle. Fasten the 
pin and pencil in the paper 
strip nine and one-half in- 
ches apart ; draw almost a 




Fig. 169. — First three poles planted firmly in 
edge of circle for wigwam. 




Fig. 170. — Cover for wigwam. 



74 Handicraft for Girls 



half circle, then an inch and a half from the spot A (Fig. 
170), where the pin is stationed, begin to cut the opening 
for the top of the wigwam poles, B (Fig. 170). Slash the 
point C in as far as D, sew pieces of cloth over the points 
E and E, leaving the opening at dotted lines to form pockets 
for the smoke-poles. Cut two rows of little holes on each 
side of the upper part of the wigwam to run the pinsticks 
through when fastening the wigwam together (Fig. 171). 

Now comes the fun of decorating the cover. Pin the 
cloth out flat and smooth, and paint in brilliant red, yellow, 
black, green, white, and blue the designs given in Fig. 170. 
When finished, fit the cover over the wigwam-poles and 
with short, slender sticks pin the fronts together. Peg the 
lower edge down to the ground with short black pins and 
slide a pole in each pocket of the smoke-flaps E and E (Fig. 
170). Bring the poles around and cross them at the back of 
the wigwam. As you do this you will exclaim with delight 
at the result, for the little wigwam will be very realistic. 

In front of your wigwam or tepee 

Build a Make-Believe Fire 

of bits of orange and scarlet tissue-paper mixed in with 
short twigs, and then you must manufacture something to 
cook in. Bore a hole in the ground near the fire and fit in 
the fire^pole, making it slant over to one side and hang 
directly above the fire. Place a stone over the embedded 
end of the pole to keep it firm. Suspend an acorn kettle or 
any little kettle of the right size for the Indians to use on the 
pole and the camp will begin to look cosey for the red men 
to enjoy. Hunt up a jointed doll about five inches high, 
paint it copper color, ink its hair, and the oil will be a 
fairly 



An Indian Encampment 



75 



Good Indian. 

If you can find a Zulu doll of the required size, with long, 
straight black hair, and give him a wash of dull red paint, 




^Sgc o'A 



Fig. 171. — Wigwam with make-believe camp-fire. 



you can turi/t' im into a fine Indian. Failing these dolls, 
make an Indian doll of dull red raffia or cloth. This you 



16 



Hmtdicraft for Girls 




can do if you try, and remember to have your red man a lit- 
tle more slender than store dolls ; most of these are rather 
too stout to make good Indians. 

Real chiefs like Turning Eagle, Swift Dog, Crazy Bull, 

and others, wore gor- 
geous feather head- 
dresses, and gloried in 
the strange war bonnets, 
not because they were 
gay and startling, but 
for the reason that each 
separate feather in the 
head-band meant that the owner had per- 
formed a brave deed of which the tribe was 
proud, and the greater the number of brave 
deeds the greater the number of feathers; 
consequently the longer the bonnet-trail. This 
explains the real meaning of the common ex- 
pression, "A feather in 3^our cap." 

Your Indian must be a mighty chief and 
will need a very long- trailing 

War Bonnet, 

Cut the head-dress like Fig. 172 of white 
paper. Paint all the paper horse-hair tips on 
the paper eagle feathers red, the tops of the 
feathers black, and the band in which they 
are fastened yellow, red, and green, leaving 
white spaces between the colors (Fig. 173). 
Cut out, then turn the end of the band F 
(Fig. 172) until the loop fits the Indian's head, 
and glue the end of the loop on the strip 




An Indian Encampment 



11 



Fig. 173. — ^Indian 
war bonnet. 



(Fig. 173). Paste fringed 
yellow paper around each of 
the chieftain's feet, fringed 
edge uppermost, to serve 
as moccasins. ■ Part the 
Indian's hair at the back, 
bring the two divisions in 
front, one on each side of 
the head, and wind each 
with scarlet worsted as the 
real Indian wears his hair, 
then wrap around your red man a soft, dull- 
colored cloth extend- 
ing from the waist to 
the knees. Pin the 
drapery in place and 
the chief will be ready 
to take charge of his 
bronco pony, which 
may be any toy horse 
you happen to pos- 
sess. The horse in 
the illustration is an 
ordinary cloth toy. 

Red men are not 
fond of remaining 
long in one place, and 
naturally your Indian 
will soon want to 
break camp and carry 
his belongings else- 
where. Help him 
prepare by making 





78 



Handicraft for Girls 



A Travois. 

You will need four slender poles, two fifteen and one-half 
inches long, one five and one-half and another six and one- 
half inches long. Bind the six-and-a-half-inch pole across 
the two long poles four inches from their heavy ends; fas- 
ten the five-and-a-half-inch pole across the long poles two 
and one-half inches above the first cross-piece. Instead of 




Fig. 175- — Travois ready for camping outfit. 



thongs of buffalo hide, such as the real red man would use, 
take narrow strips of light-brown cloth to form the rude 
net-work over the space bounded by the four poles. Tie 
the top ends of the long poles together (Fig. 174), then tie 
the travois to the horse, as in Fig. 175. In most of these 
conveyances the thongs- are tied across one way only, from 
short pole to short pole, forming a ladder-like arrangement. 
A chief must always have his 



An Indian Encampment 



79 



Calumet, 

or " pipe of peace," to smoke and pass around the council 
circle, when all the leaders of the different tribes meet to 
talk over important matters concerning H 

the welfare of their people. Real calu- 
mets are generally large and of goodly 
length, some of them being four feet long. 
They are made of dull-red stone, which, 
when first cut from the large mass, is soft 



Id 



D 



d 



J 



Fig. 176. — Different parts of straw calumet. 

enough to be carved out with a knife ; later the pipe be- 
comes hard and capable of receiving a polish. But as 
the red stone is not within our reach, we must use dull red- 
colored straw for the calumet. Soak the straw in hot water 




Fig. 177. — Calumet finished. 



to render it less brittle. Then cut a three-inch length 
piece ; make a hole in it a short distance from one end (Fig. 
176, G) and insert a three-quarter inch length of straw for 
the pipe bowl (Fig. 176, H). For the mouthpiece take a 



80 



Handicraft for Girls 



half-inch length of white straw (Fig. 176, I), and slide it in 
the other end of the pipe. Glue both bowl and mouth- 
piece in place and decorate the calumet with red, green, 
and white silk floss tied on the pipe stem (Fig. 177). 



K 



(DO 




The Tomahawk 

must not be forgotten. Soak a stick two 
and one-half inches long in 
hot water; when it is pliable, 
split an end down one inch, no 
more (Fig. 178, J), and in true 
Indian fashion bind a stone 
hatchet (Fig. 178, K) between 
the split sides of the stick 
handle with thongs of hide. 
Whittle the little hatchet from 
a piece of wood, cover it with 
glue, then with sand. When 
dry it will be difficult for 
others to believe that the im- 
plement is not of real stone. 
Instead of thongs use thread 
(Fig. 179). 



Fig. 178. — Handle 
and hatchet for tom- 
ahawk. 




Fig. 179. — Toma- 
hawk ready for use. 



The Chieftain's Shield 

is of hide taken from the neck 
of the bull bison ; the, piece must be twice the required 
size for a finished shield to allow for the necessary shrink- 
age. Over a fire built in a hole in the ground the skin is 
stretched and pegged down. When heated, it is covered 
with a strong glue made from the hoofs and joints of the 
bison, which causes the hide to contract and thicken. As 
this process goes on the pegs are loosened and again ad- 



An Indian Encampment 



81 



justed until the skin ceases to contract and absorb the glue. 
Then the hide is much smaller and thicker than at first. 
When it has slowly cooled, the skin is cut into a circle and 




Fig. 1 80. — Diagram 
for shield. 



decorated. Though pliable, the shield is strong enough to 

ward off blows from arrows or spears. 
Bison hide is something you 

cannot obtain, so take writing 
paper for the shield. 
Cut it into a circle an 
inch and a half in di- 
ameter, with an exten- 
sion for the handle 
(Fig. 180). Glue the 
free end of the handle 
on the opposite side 
of the back of the 
shield. Make ten pa- 
per eagle feathers 
(Fig. 181), hang seven 
on the bottom of the 
shield with red 

Fig. 182. — Decorated Indian shield. 



^' 



Fig. 181. 
Eagle feather 

of paper, thread, after first 




82 Handicraft for Girls 

decorating the centre of the shield with given designs and 
the edge with colored bands, using any or all of the follow- 
ing colors, but no others : positive red, blue for the sky, 
green for the grass, yellow for the sun, white for the 
clouds and snow, and black. To the Indian color is a part 
of religion. Purple, pinks, and some other colors, the red 
man, loyal to his beliefs, can never bring himself to use. 
Attach two of the remaining feathers at the top and another 
on the centre of the shield, as shown in Fig. 182. 
The Indian makes his 

Arrow-heads 

of triangular flakes of flint chipped from a stone held be- 
tween his knees and struck with a rude stone hammer. 
The pieces knocked off are carefully examined, and only 
those without flaws are kept. Stones for arrow-heads must 
be very hard. When found, the red men bur}' them in wet 
ground and build fires over them, causing the stones to 
show all cracks and checks. This enables the 
arrow-maker to discard those unfitted for his 
work. 

Though you cannot make a real flint arrow- 
head, you can manufacture a toy one. Take 
a piece of stiff pasteboard and cut it like Fig. 
183. Let the length be a trifle over half an 
Fig. 183.— Paper inch. Covcr the arrow-head all over with a 
arrow- . Y\^i coat of glue, then dip it in sand, and the 
arrow-head will come out as if made of stone. Were it 
actually hard stone and large size you would be obliged, 
as the Indians do, to trim and shape more perfectly the 
point and edges of the arrow-head. You would hold a pad 
of buckskin in your left hand to protect it from the sharp 
flint, and on your right hand would be a piece of dressed 




An Indian Encamp^nent 



83 



hide to guard it from the straight piece of bone, pointed 
on the end, which you would use to strike off little bits of 
stone along both edges, working cautiously 
as you neared the point in or- 
der not to break it. But such 
work will not be needed on 
your arrow-head. 
For 

The Shaft 





Fig. 184. — ^Insert ar- 
row-head in shaft. 



Fig. 185. — Arrow- 
head and shaft 
bound together. 



hunt up a piece of wood strong 
and straight. Cut it three in- 
ches in length, remove the bark 
and scrape the wood until it is 
about the thickness of an ordi- 
nary match. Notch one end and 
split the other end down one- 
quarter of an inch, insert the 
arrow-head (Fig. 184), then bind 
the shaft and head together with thread (Fig. 185), in place 
of the wet sinew an Indian would use for a real arrow, after 
T he had first fastened the head in the shaft with 

glue from buffalo hoofs. 

Cut three paper feather strips (Fig. .186), 

each an inch in length, 

paint black bands on 

them,bendatdotted line 

and glue the feathers on 

the shaft one-quarter of 

an inch from the notch, 

allowing them to stand 

out at angles equally 

distant from each other 

(Fig. 187). Bind the Fig. 187. 



V\ 



j^ 



Fig. 186.— Paper 
feather for arrow. 




84 



Handicraft for Girls 



extensions L and M (Fig. i86) to the shaft, and tie tufts of 
white and red worsted on immediately above the feathers 
to help in finding the arrow (Fig. i88). Paint the shaft in 
brilliant colors. 

Almost any kind of wood that has a spring will make 




A Good Bow 

for your little Indian. Cut the piece 

of wood four inches long and an 

eighth of an inch wide. Scrape it flat 

on one side and slightly rounded on 
A the other, notch the stick 

/n\ at each end, wind the cen- 

tre with red worsted and 
paint the bow in bright 
hues (Fig. 189). Tie a 
strong thread in one notch 
and bring it across to the 
other notch ; tighten until 
it bends the bow centre 
half an inch from the 
straight thread ; tie the 
thread around the notch 
(Fig. 190). Now try the 
wee weapon ; hold it verti- 
cally and shoot the little 
arrow into the air. It will 
fly very swiftly away, land- 
ing many yards from where 
you stand. 

Make the bow case 

(Fig. 192) of ordinary wrapping paper cut like Fig. 191, 

three and a half inches long and two and a half inches wide. 



Fig. 188.— Fin- 
ished arrow. 



Fig. 189. — ^Bow 
ready for string. 



Fig. 190. 
Bow string. 



An Indian Encampment 



85 




Fig. 192. — Bow case 
finished. 




Fold the paper lengthwise through the centre and glue 
the sides together along the dotted lines; then fringe the 
edge up to the dotted line and decorate with gay paint. 
Dress the joint- 
ed (doll squaw in a 
fringed ■ 

Chamois-Skin 
Gown ; 

fold the skin and 
let one half form 
the front, the other 
half the back. Cut 
the garment like 
the half N, in Fig. 
193, stitch the sides 

together, stitch the Fig. 191.— cut bow case like this. 

under part of the sleeves together and fringe both sleeves 

and bottom of the dress (O, Fig, 193). Belt the gown in 

with scarlet worsted and 

load the squaw down with 

strands of colored beads ; 

then seat her, on the grass 

(Fig. 194) while you make 

the primitive loom for her 

to use in weaving one of 

the famous 

Navajo Blankets. 

Paint a two by four inch 
piece of white cotton cloth 
with a blanket design in 
red and black, with white 




Fig. 193. — Squaw's chamois dress. 



86 



Handicraft for Girls 



between the markings, and pin it securely on a board 
(Fig-, 195). Tie stones to a pole six inches in length 
(Fig. 196) ; with long stitches fasten the stone-weighted 




Fig. 194. — Squaw doll make-believe weaving Navajo blanket on primitive loom. 

pole to the bottom edge of the painted cloth blanket 
(Fig. 197). 

Two inches above the blanket attach a six-inch pole to 
the board with pins and use a coarse needle and heavy 
thread to make the warp. Run the thread through the 



An Indian Encampment 



87 



wrong side of the blanket 
and up around the pole. 
Cross it on the under side 
of the long thread (P, Fig. 
197) which extends from 
blanket to pole. 

Carry the thread along 

the pole a short distance, ^'«- ^95.-In(iian blanket pinned on board. 

loop it over (Q, Fig. 197) and bring the thread down through 
the right side of the blanket. Take a long stitch and again 




\~-Z. 



■z;^ 



Fig. 196. — Stones tied to pole for bottom of loom. 

carry the thread up over the pole. Continue until the warp 
is entirely across the blanket. Pin another pole six and a 




Fig. 197. — ^Building primitive loom. 



88 



Handicraft for Girls 



half inches long, three-quarters of an inch above the top 
pole, and fasten the two poles together by tying loops of 
string across from one to the other (Fig. 198). 

Make the loom frame of two seven-inch poles four and a 
half inches apart and crossed at the top by another seven- 
inch pole, the three firmly tied together and made to stand 
erect on the grass by planting the two upright poles in holes 

■% ^ ^-~ -7^ 




Fig. 198. — Primitive loom ready for frame. 

bored through the cloth grass into the board ground. Hang 
the loom on this frame by winding a narrow strip of cloth 
loosely around the top of the frame and top of loom (Fig. 194). 
Find a stout, short-branched twig for 

The Tree 

(Fig. 199). Sharpen the bottom and drive it into a hole in 



An Indian Encampment 



89 



the ground. For the foliage cut a fringe of soft green and 
olive-brown tissue-paper folded lengthwise in strips. Crimp 
the strips with a blade of the scissors, then open out the 
fringe ; gather each one through the centre, give the paper 




Fig. 199. — Natural twig and tissue-paper tree. 



a twist, and the two ends will form bunches of foliage. 
Work the twisted centre of one piece down into a ci'ack at 
the top of the tree. Over across this at right angles in 
another opening, fit in the second twist of paper foliage and 



90 



Handicraft for Girls 



crown all with a bunch standing upright as shown at 
Fig. 199. 
A solemn 

Little Papoose 

bound in its stiff cradle is one of the drollest things imagin- 
able. Paint a small doll copper color, make its hair black, 
and bind the baby in a cradle cut from brown pasteboard 
(Fig. 200). Cut along heavy line and bend forward the 





H 



Fig. 20o.-^The little papoose 
you can make. 



Cradle for papoose. 



tongue R along the dotted line, bring the strap S across 
and glue the end on the under side of the cradle ; then line 
the cradle with white tissue-paper and place the Indian child 
on it; spread a piece of vivid red tissue-paper over the in- 
fant, bringing the sides of the cover on the under side of the 
cradle, where you must glue them. Fold over the lower 
end of the paper and glue that also on the back of the cradle. 
Paint the cradle and portions of the cover white, green, 
black, and yellow (Fig. 200) ; then hang the cradle and baby 



An Indian E^tcamprnent 



91 



on the limb of the tree (Fig. 199), where the little papoose 
will be safe while his squaw-mother works at her weaving. 
The red men use queer money which they call 

Wampum. 

It is made of shells found usually along the borders of 
rivers and lakes. The Indians cut the thick part of the 
shell into cylinders about an inch long, bore holes length- 
wise through the centres and string them like 
beads on fine, strong sinews (Fig. 201), but this 
money is not as pretty as glass beads, for it 
resembles pieces of common clay pipe stems. 
A certain number of hand-breadths of wampum 
will buy a gun, a skin, a robe, or a horse, and 
when presented by one chief to another the 
wampum means good-will and peace. Of course, 
you will want to supply your Indians 
with their own kind of money. You 
can string the wampum into a neck- 
lace and decorate the strand with 
eagle claws, bright beads, and tufts 
of gay worsted. 

Find some beads much smaller, but 
as near as possible in color and form Buff^ioTikw 

to real wampum, and string them with cut from 

, , 1 r 1 . wood, 

tmy eagle claws made of wood cut 

like Fig. 202, only smaller. Paint the claws very dark 

gray, almost black, and bore a hole through the heavy end 

with a hat-pin heated red hot. The claws will then string 

easily and give quite a savage appearance to the necklace 

(Fig. 203). 

Let the colored worsted tufts, which must take the 

-place of hair, be bright-red, and the strands of round 




Fig. 201. 

Wampum, 

Indian money. 



Fig. 202. 



92 



Handicraft for Girls 



beads on each side of the necklace of various colors 
(Fig. 203). 

Indians when they cannot obtain beads use gayly colored 
porcupine quills for their embroidery. You need not try 
the embroidery, but be sure to make the entire Indian 
encampment with everything- pertaining to it. 




Fig. 203. — Indian necklace of wampum, eagle claws, tufts of hair, and bone beads. 




PICTURE WRITING AND 
SIGN LANGUAGE 

HE next best thing to seeing 
one's friends is hearing from 
them, and the more interesting 
the letter the greater the en- 
joyment, particularly when 
the communication is intend- 
ed to be passed around the 
entire home circle. There is 
a delightful way in which to 
express yourself differently from ordinary writing, a method 
used by the early Egyptians, called picture writing. The 
Egyptian pictures were not at all like those made by 
modern artists ; their representations were crude and unfin- 
ished, yet they answered very well for the people and the 
times. You have advantages over those ancient people 
inasmuch as you need not even attempt to draw the designs. 
All that is necessary for you to do is merely to look over the 
newspaper and magazine advertisements, select the prints 
needed, and after cutting out and pasting them on a sheet 
of paper, with a few connecting words between, you will 
have produced an odd, interesting letter, and the work will 
be pure fun. 

Fig. 572 gives an idea of such a letter, supposed to 
have been written on Thanksgiving. Try to read it. For 

From " What a Girl Can Make and Do." Copyright, /Q02, by Charles Scribner' s Sons. 

93 



94 



What a Girl Can Make 



2) 



lOA. 



jdeMc^ 








Good Food J C:Ai- ft^U ^^ 




(Myic 



14/uA'tyi^, 



'cnyU <z. 







Fig. 572- 



fear you mig-ht not quite catch the meaning, here it is inter- 
preted for you : 



Picture Writing and Sign Language 95 

" Dear Grandmother, Aunts, Uncles, and Cousins: I send 
you greetings. I know there will be a cooking of tarts, 
turkey, puddings, and lots of good things. I like sweet- 
meats and fruit best. Please use the camera and send me a 
picture of the family while at dinner, and of my cousins 
standing in a row. Wishing you a jolly time, 

"As ever, your 

" Hopeful One." 

This is intended only as a suggestion ; if you can write 
your letter entirely with pictures, without the aid of words, 
it will be much better. 

There is another method you might employ ; take the 
well-known 

Symbols 

and compose your missive of these. Such as the dove, mean- 
ing peace, gentleness ; anchor, hope ; ark, refuge ; key, 
explanation; chain, bondage; star, promise; lamb, inno- 
cence; scales, justice; horn of plenty, prosperity; heart, 
love; shepherd's crook, protection, and hour-glass, time. 
The list is much longer, but enough has been given to 
explain the scheme; other designs may be added as needed, 
but use only those whose significance is well established 
and commonly understood. 

Flower Writing 

makes a charming letter, the blossoms being placed in rows 
according to their meaning as given in the language of 
flowers. Compose a sentence of white clover, oats, and 
balm, and it will read : 

" I promise (white clover) music (oats) and social inter- 
course (balm). 



96 



IVhat a Girl Can Make 



This might form part of an invitation to your house- 
party. 

For a regular 

Indian Powwow 

letter you must do as the red man does and write in Indian 
signs, which are usually rudely drawn figures meaning 



o 




Come 




-V- 



to dinner 



to my house 
we will make footsteps 



O 



to-day 



for the water 



^ 



i 



go out in a boat 




-.S^P^^ 



then have a swim 



much to our copper-colored brother, 

^03- r- V but often requiring ingenuity on the 

^-^~^- c— v> x"^"^ P^^^ °^ ^^® white man to translate. 

(n"*^ Some of the best examples are to be 

and return. sccn on sandstone in Dakota County, 



■o-^ 



Picture IVriting and Sign Language 97 



Neb., where there are hundreds of sketches. One of the 
most distinguished of Indian artists or historians is said 




^=^=^ /=^=\ /===\ -^ 

Three Sleeps. 



■^> 




War. 



Man. 



Buffalo. 



Turkey Tracks. 



t™ 



Peace. 



f 




> 







\z: 



Elk. 



Direction. ■yj/nv'y^ 

Bird. 



ti 1=^ 



Coffee. 



Cow. 




Plenty. 



Papoose. 



Hunt. 




Bear. 




Relationship. 



Youth. 



Fig. 574- 



to have been Lone Dog, of Yankton, Dak., who made 
most of his pictures on skins. Neither stones nor skins 



98 What a Girl Can Make 

will answer your purpose; ordinary paper is more con- 
venient and will be as fully appreciated if you use thought 
and care in drawing and composing your message. Make 
simple, rude pictures of different objects, borrowing the 
Indian's idea but adapting it to your needs. Fig. 573 gives 
an example of a girl's powwow letter. You may invent as 
many designs as you choose, that will be part of the fun of 
Indian writing. Fig. 574 shows some of the signs needed. 

A Letter of Colors 

is something entirely new ; it should be composed of thoughts 
embodied in colors, without alphabet, words, or pictures- 
nothing but brush strokes of delicate pinks, tender greens, 
soft grays, deep orange, rich purples, and all the many and 
varied tones, tints, shades, and hues known to m.an. The 
following example, being fully interpreted, will initiate 
you in color meanings and composition : 

Light Scarlet. 

My Dear Friend : 

Light tone of yellow. Drab. Blue. Red brown. 

I am glad you have thought out the truth. My interest in 

Scarlet red. Mjrrtle green. Orange. Different tones of yellow. 

and friendship for Nature is gaining strength. I travel miles 

Variety of color flecks in rows, 

for the flowers. 

Yellow pink. 

Your enthusiastic 

Scarlet. 

Friend.- 

The name signed at the close of the letter need be the 
only writing. A list is given of the meaning of some of the 
colors, but you will probably need more ; work out the extra 
combinations for yourself. The system being once under- 
stood it will not be a difficult task. 



Picture Writing and Sign Language 99 

Rich red — Love or loved one. 

Red brown — Interest in or for. 

Orange — Strength, force. 

Indigo — Wisdom. 

Blue — Truth. 

Green — Life, freshness, youth. 

Yellow pink — Enthusiasm. 

Blue pink — Politeness. 

Gray — Doubts, fears. 

White — Intelligence, light, innocence. 

Black — Ignorance, darkness, night. 

Bright yellow — Joy, gladness, sunlight, day. 

Drab — Thought. 

Scarlet — Friendship. 

Myrtle green — Nature. 

Different tones of yellow grouped together — Travel, 
motion. 

Brown in solid squares — Rocks. 

Blue and green in horizontal lines — Water. 

Brown and green in horizontal lines — Summer. 

Brown and black in horizontal lines — Winter. 

Color dashes in wedge shape, variety denoted by colors 
used — Birds. 

Pink — Acquaintance. 

Mingled flecks in a row of any color or colors with green 
denotes one or more variety of flowers. 

Green in long perpendicular dashes — Trees. 

Tints may include the personal pronouns I, my, me, or 
mine. 

Shades may include the pronoun you or your. 




THANKSGIVING. 

to Pagan ancestors in far-away coun- 
tries, but to our own Pilgrim Fathers 
do we trace the origin of Thanks- 
giving Day — as purely American as 
our Independence Day. Instituted 
by William Bradford, the Governor 
of Plymouth, and first observed by 
the Puritans, who, suffering from 
hunger and privation, were truly 
thankful when the first harvest 
brought them the means of support for the approaching winter, 
it has come to us as " the religious and social festival that con- 
verts every family mansion into a family meeting-house." 
The pleasant New England custom of the gathering together 
of families to celebrate Thanksgiving is now observed in most 
of our States. From far and near they come, filling the cars 
with merry family parties, who chatter away of anticipated 
pleasures to be found in the old home. Little children taught 
to lisp grandma and grandpa are instructed by their mammas 
not to be afraid of the old gentleman who will meet them at 
the depot, nor the dear old lady who waits with open arms at 
the door of grandpa's house. 

Children old enough to know what a Thanksgiving at grand- 
pa's is like are wild with delight at the prospect before them. 

From " The American Girl's Handy Book." Copyright, iSSj, iSgS, by Charles Scribner's Sons. 

lOO 



Thanksgiving. 



101 



Their eyes brighten at the thought of the great pantry where 
grandma keeps her doughnuts and cookies ; of the cellar with 
its bins of sweet and juicy apples ; of the nuts and popcorn, all 
of which taste so much nicer at grandma's than anywhere else. 
And then what fun 
the games will be 
which they will play 
with cousins, who, 
though rather shy at 
first, will soon make 
friends. The lovely 
young aunties, too, 
who help grandma 
entertain all these 
guests, will join in 
the games and sug- 
gest and carry out 
schemes of amuse- 
ments which the chil- 
dren would never 
think of. 

What a happy 
holiday it is, how so- 
cial and pleasant and 
comfortable and 
easy ! How near and 
dear all the bright 
faces gathered around 
the long table at the 
Thanksgiving-dinner, seem to be. Truly, we should all be 
thankful that we have a Thanksgiving. 

However, this chapter is not written merely to generalize 
upon the pleasures of the day, but in order that we may offer 




One Little Indian. 



102 



Autumn. 



something new, in the way of amusement, which will add to 

the fund of merriment on this oc- 
casion. The series of 




Impromptu Burlesque Tableaux 



Pilgrim's Spectacles. illustrating some of the principal 

events in our history will be ap- 
propriate for this national holiday, and m^'U prove a mirth- 
provoking enter- 
tainment. 

When two rooms 
are connected by 
folding -doors, a 
whole room may 
be used for the 
stage. In this case 
no curtains are 
necessary, as the 
doors take their 
place, and, for im- 
promptu tableaux, 
answer very well. 
When there are no 
such connecting 
rooms, one end of 
a large room can be 
curtained off with 
sheets, or any kind 
of drapery, sus- 
pended from a rope 
or wire stretched 
from one wall to the other. 




Patterns of Pilgrim Father's Hat and Collar. 



It is best to keep the audience as 



Thanksgiving. 



103 



far away from this improvised stage as the room will admit of, 
for distance greatly assists the effect. 



Landing of the Pilgrims. 

Tableau i. — The good ship Mayflower has just touched 
Plymouth Rock. Pilgrim Father stands upon the rock, and 
reaches down to help Pilgrim Mother 
to land. A number of Indians sit upon 
the edge of the rock, fishing unconcern- Z^-^^^^?^ 

edly over the side, while the Pilgrims 
take possession. In the ship Pilgrim 
children are standing, with outstretched 
arms, waiting to be taken ashore. 

COSTUMES. 

Pilgrim FATHfeR. — Cape, a broad- 
brimmed, high-crowned hat and large, 
white collar, over ordinary boy's dress, 
spectacles — cut from black paper (Fig. 
200). The cape m.ay be of any mate- 
rial, so that it is of a dark color. 

The hat can be made by cutting 
from stiff brown paper a crown (Fig. 
20i), fitting it around the crown of an 
ordinary flat-brimmed hat, bringing it 
into a conical shape, and pinning it in place (Fig. 202). The 
brim should be cut from the same paper in a large circle (Fig. 
203), the hole in the centre being just large enough to fit nicely 
around the crown, over which it is slipped, and pushed down 
until it rests upon the real hat-brim (Fig. 204). The paper 
brim should be about seven inches wide, and the crown nine 




Costume of Pilgrim Father. 



104 



AtifMmn, 




Manner of Making Pilgrim lAother's Cap. 



inches high; Figure 205 is the pattern of collar, which can be 

made of white 
paper or mus- 
lin. 

Pilgrim 
Mother. — 
Full, plain 
skirt, white 
kerchief, small 
white cap, and 
large specta- 
cles. A gen- 
tleman's linen handkerchief, put around the neck and crossed 
over the bosom, answers for a kerchief. The cap, too, can be 
made of a large handkerchief in 
this way. 

Fold the handkerchief in the 
manner shown in Fig. 206 ; lay 
it flat upon a table, and turn the 
folded corners over as in Fig. 
207 ; turn up the bottom edge 
over the other, and roll over 
about three times (Fig. 208) ; 
take the handkerchief up by the 
ends and the cap (Fig. 209) is 
made. 

Children. — The young Pil- 
grims' costumes are like the 
others, on a smaller scale, but 
they wear no spectacles. 

Indians. — Bright-colored 
shawls for blankets, and feather- 
dusters for head-dresses. The duster is tied on to the back of 




Costume of Pilgrim Mother. 



Thmtksgiving. 



105 



the Indian's neck with a ribbon which passes under the chin, 
and the shawl is placed over the handle, partially covering the 
head and enveloping the figure. 



PROPERTIES. 

The ship is a large wash-tub, which is placed in the centre 
of the stage; its sail is a towel, fastened with pins to a stick, 
the stick being tied to a broom, as shown 
in illustration. It is held aloft by one of 
the children in the tub. 

Plymouth Rock is a table, occupy- 
ing a position near the tub. On top of 
it is a chair, placed on its side to give 
an uneven surface, and over both 
chair and table is thrown a 
gray table-cover. The 
fishing-poles of the In- 
dians are walking- 
canes with strings 
tied to the ends. 




m'mllll|iinii 

The Good Ship Mayflower. 



First Harvest. 

Tableau 2.— Pilgrim fam- 
ilies, grouped in the centre of 
the stage, examining an ear of 
corn and rejoicing over their 
first harvest. 



PROPERTIES. 



A broom, upon which is tied one ear of dried corn, or 
popcorn, it doesn't matter which, and if neither is to be had, 
an imitation ear of corn can be made by -oiling paper into the 



106 



Autmnn. 




rig. 210.— Paper Ear of Corn. 



Fig. 211 Pattern for Outside 

Husks of Corn. 



Fig. 212. - Ear o 
Corn Finished. 



shape of Fig. 2io, cutting husks after the pattern Fig. 2ii, and 
putting them together hke Fig. 212. The 
broom is held erect, with the handle resting 
on the floor, by Pilgrim Father. 

Devastation by the Indians. 

Tableau 3. — A long table reaches across 
centre of stage ; upon it are empty dishes, 
and the remains of a feast. 

At each end and at back of table are 
grouped the Indians, who are gnawing large 
turkey-bones and eating huge pieces of 
bread and pie. The Pilgrim family stand at 
each side, and view with horror the destruc- 
tion of their dinner. 

PROPERTIES. 

The table is a board placed across the 

backs of two chairs. In the centre of the 

table is a large pie-plate, with only a very 

small piece of pie remaining in it ; most of 

The Corn-field. the Other dishcs are empty. 




Thanksgiving. 



107 



The Revolution. 

Tableau 4. — This is represented by the revolution of a 
wheel. Pilgrim Mother stands in the centre of the stage, at a 
spinning-wheel, which is set in motion just as the curtain is 
parted. 

PROPERTIES. 

If a real spinning-wheel cannot be obtained, a velocipede, 
baby-carriage, or child's wagon, turned upside down, will answer 



I 









k)mlii 




The Spinning-wheel. 



the purpose. In the illustration the curtain has been made 
transparent, to show how the two back wheels of a velocipede 



108 Autumn. 



are disposed of/ A broom is fastened in an upright position to 
the velocipede, and on the handle is tied a piece of gray linen 
(a handkerchief will do), to represent flax. A string tied to the 
linen is held by Pilgrim Mother. The curtain must be dropped 
before the wheel ceases to revolve. 

Slavery. 

Tableau 5- — Pilgrim Mother is bending over a wash-tub, 
with sleeves rolled up to shoulders, washing ; a great pile of 
clothes lies on the floor at her side ; she looks angrily at the 
Pilgrim Father, who sits opposite to her with his legs crossed, 
calmly reading a newspaper.* 

PROPERTIES. 
The tub used for the ship, placed on two chairs ; a wash- 
board and a pile of clothes, white predominating. A rocking- 
chair for the Pilgrim Father, 

Rebellion. 

Tableau 6. — Pilgrim Mother stands in defiant attitude, fac- 
ing Pilgrim Father, who has just arisen from his chair. 

The tub and one of the chairs upon which it stands are tipped 
over, and the clothes are scattered about. 

properties. 
Same as in preceding tableau. 

Peace and Plenty. 

Tableau 7. — Table extending across the centre of stage is 
heaped with all sorts of edibles — whole pumpkins, vegetables, 

* Of course we all know that our Pilgrim fathers did not have the daily 
papers, but this fact makes it the more absurd. 



Thanksgiving. 



109 



fruit, and flowers. At one end of the festive board stands Pil- 
grim Father, at the other Pilgrim Mother, smiling at each other. 

s 

The Festive Board. 

Pilgrim Father holds a long carving-knife, as 
though about to carve a large pumpkin in H 
front of him. Pil- 
grim Mother is in 
the act of cutting a 
huge pie. At the 
back of the table 
are ranged the Pil- 
grim children, each 
holding outstretched 
an empty plate, waiting to be served, and all smiling. At each 
side of the stage, extending to the front, is a line of Indians 






Side View. 



Back View. 
Fig. 213. — Pumpkin Lantern. 



sitting on the floor, '"moking the pipes of peace. The Indians 
also are smiling. 

PROPERTIES. 

Table same as in Tableau 3 : Dishes, fruit, and vegetables. 
The Indians' pipes are canes with bent handles. 

If, in arranging the stage, clothes-horses, with drapery thrown 



no 



Autumn. 



over them, are placed at the back, they will not only form a back- 
ground for the pictures presented, but the space behind makes 
a nice dressing-room or retiring-place for those taking part. 

Pumpkin lan- 
terns, set in a 
row on the floor 
just inside the 
curtain, will be 
funny substi- 
tutes for foot- 
lights. They 
will decorate the 
stage appropri- 
ately, and at the 
same time be 
quite safe. Fig. 
213 shows how 
they are made. 
The face is not 

cut through, but the features are scraped 
thin enough to allow the light inside to 
make them visible. If they were cut, 
as in ordinary pumpkin lanterns, the 
light would shine out from instead of 
on to the stage. 

The Game of the Headless Turkey. 

A1„„„« -MU 4-4- i.' Silhouette of the Headless Turkey, 

large silhouette, representing a 

headless turkey, is cut from black, or 

dark colored paper-muslin, and fastened upon a sheet stretched 

tightly across a door-way. To each member of the party is 

given a pin and a muslin head, which, if rightly placed, will fit 




Thanksgiving. Ill 



the turkey. Then, one at a time, the players are blind-folded 
and placed at the end of the room opposite the sheet. After 
turning them around three times one way, then three times 
the other, they are started off to search for the turkey, that 
they may pin the head where they suppose it belongs. When 
the person going blindly about the room comes in contact 
with anything, no matter what, be it chair, table, wall, door, or 
another player, she must pin the turkey-head to the object 
touched. To the person who comes nearest to placing the 
head in its true place, a prize of a gilded wish-bone, tied to a 
card with a ribbon, is given. And she who makes the least suc- 
cessful effort is presented with a turkey-feather, which she 
must stick in her hair and wear for the remainder of the even- 
ing. 

A Suggestion. 

Amid all these bright and happy thoughts of feasting and 
merrymaking, comes an idea, so gently, yet persistently, forcing 
itself upon my notice, that it finally assumes the form of a def- 
inite plan which I will put to you in the form of a suggestion. 

At this time, when, thinking over the numerous blessings, 
that most of you find to be thankful for, how would it do, 
girls, to form a society among yourselves, to be called the 
Thanksgiving Society, whose object will be to provide a real 
Thanksgiving for other and less fortunate girls, by giving them 
something to be thankful for before next year's Thanksgiving 
shall arrive ? 

There need be no formality about the society. The only 
necessary officer will be a secretary, to keep a record of what is 
done by the society, individually and collectively ; which report 
the secretary will read at the grand annual meeting on Thanks- 
giving Day, 



112 



Autumn. 



Many girls, young, like yourselves, to whom it is just as 
natural to be glad and happy, have little to make them so, and 
to bring some brightness into their lives would indeed be worth 
forming a society for. 

There are various ways in which kindness may be done 
these girls, and so many avenues will open to those seeking to 
benefit them, that it is needless to attempt any instruction as to 
what work maybe performed by the society ; if this suggestion 
is adopted, I know it will be safe to leave it to the quick sym- 
pathy and warm hearts of the girls to do the right thing at the 
right moment. What think you, girls, would it not be worth 
while to make of this last Thursday of November a Thanks- 
giving for others as well as for yourselves ? and would not your 
own pleasures be doubly enhanced when sweetened with the 
thought of having done what you could to make someone else 



happy ? 





CAMPING OUT IN YOUR BACK YARD 

HO is ready to go out on a camping ex- 
pedition to Make- Believe Land? 

It is a wild land, full of wild creatures 
^"'"° if you choose to believe in them. Cats 
you will probably meet on the trail, and 
they are wild ones if you will. Wolves, 
too, may prowl around, for what else are Tramp and Nipper, 
your own dearly loved dogs, but descendants of the wild wolf. 
There will be plenty of sailing, fishing and outdoor sports. 
Guides can be secured at headquarters and you will not have 
to travel far, for the camping ground is your- own back yard; 
You must have your 

Camping Outfit, 

as all campers do, and it is the proper thing to think, plan and 
talk much about this same outfit. As the trip is to be made 
overland and you will have no camping wagon, use bags for 
carrying the various articles needed in camp. Old flour bags 
are just the thing. Into these you can put all your things except 
perhaps the camp kettle. The camping party should be sup- 
plied with a tent, a hatchet, a camp kettle, coffee pot, tin plates 
and cups, old knives, fork and spoons, a tin pail and dipper 
and a tin wash-basin; all these, as well as provisions must be 
taken on the journey in true campers' fashion, for there should 

Friin " Thitigs Worth Doing.'' CopyrigJit, iqo6, hy Charles Scribner's Sous. 

"3 



Camping Out in Your Back Yard 115 



be no running back from Make-Believe Land to get forgotten 
articles. Shawls and blankets to spread on the ground if it 
seem too damp will be a welcome addition to the outfit, and the 
party should be provided with sharp pocket knives for whittling 
stakes and for other needs. 

Select the site of your camp and pitch your tent with reference 
to the clothes fine, for the line is to support the tent and act as 
a ridge pole. 

Make the Tent 

of two mushn sheets sewed together along two of the edges, one 
edge on each sheet, which run from the wide hem at the head 
to the narrow hem at the foot of the sheet. Tie a tape on each 





Fig. 250.- 



-Tie the corners of the sheet 
with tape. 



Fig. 251. — The sheet is ready to put up for 
the tent. 



of the four comers (Fig. 250) and tie a tape at 
the centre of the ends of the tent sheet- covering. 
This will give three tapes on each side of the 
tent — six tapes in all (Fig. 251). 

Make six wooden pegs resembling Fig. 252. 
You can have them either round, square, three- 
cornered or irregular; the only essentials are that 
the pegs be strong and large enough to hold the 
tent securely. Have a notch cut neai- the top for 
the tape and a point whittled at the bottom that 
the peg may be easily driven into the ground. 



> < 



v 

Fig. 252. — This is the 
wooden tent peg. 



116 Parties, Shows, and Entertainments 




Look about carefully and decide exactly where you want the 

tent placed on the clothesline; then hang the crosswise centre 

of the covering evenly over the 
line. Hold the top ridge centre 
in place with clothespins while 
you stretch one side out away 
from the clothesline, and. peg it 
to the ground by tying the tapes 
around the pegs and pushing 
the pegs slantingly into the 

Fig. 253.— This is the way to peg your tent to ground, with the peg head run- 
ning from and the point directed 

toward the tent (Fig. 253). Remove the clothespins and peg 

down the other side of the tent in the same way. 
Find the best place near the tent for 

A Table, 

and make the table in true woodsman fashion. Take four strong 

forked sticks, sharpened on the lower end, and drive two of them 

into the ground in a straight line about one foot or more apart, 

and the remaining two in a 

line with, and two feet from 

the first sticks (Fig. 254). 

Have the sticks stand above 

the ground about two feet, or 

the height you want the table, 

and keep the crotch, or angle 

where the two forks separate, 

on all the sticks at an equal 

height from the ground. Lay 

, • 1 , . p Fig. 254. — The sticks are laid across the table 

a stick across each pair of legs ready for the board. 





Camping Out in Your Back Yard 117 



forked sticks. Get a piece of board, rest one end on each of the 
supports you have just made, and you wih have a rustic table. 




Fig. 255. — Your little camp-table. 

strong and suitable for any camp (Fig. 255). Use wooden 
boxes for seats. Select one box for your 

Safe or Cupboard 

in v^hich to keep supplies and camping utensils. Fit one or two 
shelves, made from a side of another wooden box, in the cup- 







Fig. 256. — Nail the cleats inside the 
box for the shelves. 



Fig. 257. — This is your camp-cupboard 
made of a box. 



118 Parties, Shows, and Entertainments 

board. Do this by first nailing strips of wood, for cleats, on the 
inside of each side of the cupboard at equal distances from the 
bottom (Fig. 256). Slide in the shelves, resting each on two pieces 
of wood (Fig. 257). Set a lot of hds of tin cans in the cupboard 
to serve as camping plates, also a few tin spoons, an old table 
knife, a kitchen fork or two, three tin cups, and a smooth, clean, 
folded piece of white paper for a table-cloth. 
Now for 

The Spring 

Ask your mother to let you have a large, clean pail suitable for 
drinking water. Carry the pail to the opposite side of the yard 




Fig. 258. — Sink the pail part way into the ground. 



from your tent. There dig a hole large enough to sink the pail' 
down about half its height (Fig. 258). Bank the loose earth up 




Fig. 239. — Bank the earth up around the pail for the spring. 



Camping Out in Your Back Yard 119 



all around the pail (Fig. 259), and cover the earth with leaves, 
grass, moss and vines ; hiding the pail completely with the green- 




Fig. 260. — Like a country spring in your back yard. 

ery; then fill the pail with fresh, cool water, and lo: there is 
your mountain spring (Fig. 260). 

A clean tomato can, free from rust, with the top removed, 
will make 

A Fine PaU 

for carrying water. You can make a hole in 
the tin, near the top on each side of the can, 
by hammering a good-sized wire nail through, 
and then form a handle to the pail by thread- 
ing one end of a piece of twine through each 
hole and tying a large knot on the outside to 
prevent the " string from sliding out of place 
(Fig. 261). When you need water in the 
camp, always go to the spring for it, and 
carry the water in the little tin pail. 
It is not necessary to have a real 




-The camp-pail is 
of a tin can. 



Camp Fire, 

but you can pretend there is one. Drive two forked sticks in the 
ground a short distance from each other; lay a stout stick across 
from one to the other forked stick ; then pile up some dry twigs 



120 Parties, Shows, and Entertainments 



midway between the stakes. Tie a strong cord on the centre of 
the cross stick, leaving one end long enough to loop down and 
under the handle of a pail or kettle and reach up and tie to 




'^«*-. 



Fig. 262. — You can pretend to cook over the make-believe fire. 

the short end of the cord. You can put various things into the 
camp kettle and pretend to cook them over the make-beheve 
fire (Fig. 262). 

Of course you must have a boat, for there are lakes in Make- 
Beheve Land and plenty of fish to be caught, so 

Make a Boat 

for your camp. Select a rather long, narrow wooden packing- 
box (Fig. 263), and on each end tack an extra pointed pasteboard 





Fig. 263. — A low wooden packing-box for the boat 

end (Fig. 264). To make the pasteboard end you will have to 
measure the height of the packing- box, and cut from an old 




Fig. 264. — The box with its pasteboard ends. 



Camming Out in Your Back Yard 121 



pasteboard box a strip of pasteboard wide enough to fit the 

height of the wooden box and long enough to allow for tacking 

on the end of the wooden box and extending 

far enough out beyond the box to form half, 

or one side, of the pointed end with two 

inches over. Score the extra two inches and 

bend (Fig. 265); the bend A forms the ex- Fig. 265.— The pasteboard 

,1 , , , , . , • strip with end bent. 

treme end when the pasteboard pomt is 
bent in shape. Cut another strip of pasteboard two inches 
shorter than the first strip, and sew it on the two-inch bent flap 
of the first strip (Fig. 266). Score the two ends of the long strip 





P 



Fig. 266. — The second pasteboard 
strip is sewed on first strip. 



Fig. 267. — The pasteboard is now 
ready to be tacked on to box mak- 
ing pointed end. 



and be careful to score them on the side that will cause the 
pasteboard to bend outward in the right direction, then bend 
(Fig. 267). 

Tack the pasteboard strip on the end of the wooden box and 
make another pasteboard point for the other end of the box 
(Fig. 264). Cover both pasteboard ends with stout paper by 
gumming the paper over and down on the outside top edge of the 
pasteboard points. 

Make the boat seats of short boards laid across from side to 
side of the wooden box and nailed in place (Fig. 268). Use 
broom-sticks for oars, and make beheve the boat is off on the 
water, a long distance from the tent. 



122 Parties, Shows, and Entertainments 




Fig. 268. — ^With the seats in place it is a boat. 



If you want to play that you are 

Out Fishing 

in the boat, take any kind of long sticks or walking canes for 
fishing poles, with common string for line and a bit of paper tied 
to the end of the string for bait. When vou want to turn the 




Fig. 269. — ^Tbe row-boat is turned into a sail-boat. 



Camf)i]ig Out in Your Back Yard 123 

row-boat into a sail-boat, you can tack a three-cornered piece of 
white cloth on the end of a pole and rig up a sail (Fig. 269). Cut 
a hole in the forward centre of the bottom of the boat immediately 
next to the covered bow, run the pole through the hole down into 
the earth until it is well planted in the ground and stands straight 
and steady; then tie a string to the free end of the sail and fasten 
the string to the boat to keep the sail stretched out, just as if there 
were truly a good stiff breeze and you were sailing along at a 
rapid rate with the spray dashing upon, and at times over, the 
sides of the boat. 

If your back yard is large and you need more tents for friends, 
erect several, one on each stretch of the clothesline. Should the 
line be fastened to four posts, a tent can be put up on each of the 
four turns of the clothesline, making a little settlement of tents. 



A GIRL'S FOURTH OF JULY. 




CORATIONS are seen here, 
there, and everywhere. How 
beautifully the flags and 
streamers look as they wave 
in the breeze. All the houses 
and streets are gay with bunt- 
ing. We listen with a thrill 
of patriotic excitement to the 
national airs played by bands 
of music as the different pa- 
rades pass our doors. 

The spirit of independence 
fills the very air we breathe. Whiz ! zip ! bang ! go the fire- 
arms. The noise is enchanting and the smell of powder de- 
lightful. 

This is our grand national holiday, the glorious Fourth, 
when all the United States grows enthusiastic, and in various 
appropriate ways manifests its patriotism. 

The celebration, commencing in the early morn and last- 
ing until late in the evening, gives ample time for fireworks, 
games, and illuminations. And the girls can take active part 
in, and enjoy these martial festivities, help to decorate the house 
and grounds, and in the evening do their part toward the illu- 
mination. Then there are the beautiful daylight fireworks to 

Prom " The A mrrkau Girl' s Handy Book." Copyright, i8Sy, iSgS, by Charles Scribne-f' s Sons. 

124 



A Girl's Fourth of yuly. 125 

be sent off, and games to be played ; all adding to the enjoy- 
ment and making up their celebration of Independence Day. 
Although 

Interior Decoration 

for the Fourth of July has not been considered as necessary as 
the decoration for the outside of the house, still it is appro- 
priate and used to some extent, especially when the house is 
thrown open to guests. Then, with a little thought and care 
the home may be decked and adorned in the most attractive 
manner. 

If you chance to be the happy possessor of the portrait of 
some revolutionary ancestor, let this form the centre of your 
decorations. 

Bring forward any relics of the colonial times and make 
them hold a prominent place, for all such things are historical 
and of great interest, though of course they are not essential. 
Strips of bunting, cheese-cloth, or tissue-paper, in red and 
white and blue are necessary, and must do their part in adding 
to the gayety of the scene. These can be arranged in festoons, 
and made into wreaths, stars etc., to be used as ornaments on 
the wall. 

There is nothing, perhaps, more appropriate for decoration 
than flags, though it requires some ingenuity to decorate with 
our American flag on account of the blue being in one corner. 
However we will try. Take two flags without staffs and baste 
them together as in Fig. 49, bringing the blues side by side; 
pleat up the top of each to the centre and you will have Fig. 
50 with the stripes at the bottom running from end to end. 

Now take two more flags reversed, the stripes being at the 
top the stars at the base, and pleat them in the centre, it gives 
the same idea in another form. For this style of adornment use 
the flags which may be had at any dry-goods store ; they come 



126 



Summer. 



by the bolt, cost but a few cents each, and are much softer and 
fold better than the more expensive glazed ones. Other modes 
of draping the stars-and-stripes will suggest themselves : place 




Fig.4f9 



the "colors" in different positions until some good design is 
found, and you will enjoy it all the more for having made the 
combination yourself. 




Fig. JO 

Tiny flags fastened to the chandeliers, and pinned in groups 
on the curtains give to the room quite a holiday appearance. 
This is for the daylight. In the evening we will have 

In-door Illumination, 

which can be made very brilliant by simply using a number of 
lighted candles. 

Should you desire to have it more elaborate, the words 
Liberty and Independence can be printed on the windows by 
cutting the letters forming the words from thick paper and gum- 



A Girl's Fourth of ytily. Yll 

ming them to the window-panes, so when the room is hghted 
they will show plainly from the outside. 

You may also make of tissue-paper a Liberty-bell, Goddess 
of Liberty, American Eagle, and flags. Gum these on the 
edges and fasten them to the windows; place a bright light 
behind them and the tints of the paper will shine out in all 
their brilliancy. The Goddess of Liberty's face, the feathers 
on the eagle, and the lettering on the bell must all be drawn 
with a paint-brush and ink or black paint. 

In making any or all of these, it will be of great assistance if 
you secure a picture of the object to cop}'- from. 

Having provided for the inside of the house it now behooves 
us to turn our attention to 

Out-of-door Decoration 

consisting principally of flags raised on poles, hung from win- 
dows, and disposed in numerous and various ways. 

The many devices representative of our country may be 
used with good effect. Thus, a large United States shield can 
be made of colored paper or inexpensive cloth tacked on a 
piece of card-board, cut in the desired shape, and the shield sus- 
pended from the window flat against the house, as a picture is 
hung on the wall. Other emblems can be manufactured in the 
same way. 

Small trees or tall bushes covered all over from top to bot- 
tom with flags and streamers look beautiful, and all the gayer, 
when the wind blows, causing them to wave and flutter. 

Fasten the flags and streamers on the tree with string. 

Some girls think that the 

Illumination in the Open Air. 

is best of all, for then they can give their fancy free play, and 
create all sorts of odd and novel designs. 



128 



5 ummer. 



The bright-colored Chinese lanterns are very decorative. 
Suppose we begin with these. Fasten securely here and there, 




on the lawn, large paper Japanese umbrellas in upright positions. 
This is accomplished by binding the handles of the umbrellas 




Fiff.<J2 



securely to poles which have been sharpened at one end, and 
planting the pointed end of the poles firmly in the ground. 
From every other rib of the umbrella suspend a lighted 



A GirVs Fourth of J-tily, 129 

Chinese lantern by a wire long enough to prevent any danger 
of setting the little canopy on fire. The effect produced is 
both novel and pretty. 

A popular method of arranging the lanterns is stringing 
them on wires, stretched from house to house, or from tree to 
tree, so forming, as it were, a fringe of lights. 

Again, they may be placed at intervals on the ground, fast- 
ened to trees or hung on the piazza, some in groups of twos or 
threes, others singly, these being of many odd shapes and 
sizes. Piazzas are very good sites for the display of colored 
umbrellas, which may hang, inverted, from the ceiling, with a 
tiny lighted Chinese lantern suspended from each rib. Let me 
repeat, be careful not to have the wires so short that the light 
is in dangerous proximity to the umbrella. 

Another pleasing illumination is to make a large flag of col- 
ored-paper with strong pieces of tape pasted along both top 
and bottom, the ends of the tape extending beyond the flag. 
Tie the tape to two trees, poles, or pillars of the porch, and 
place a light back of the flag, to bring out the colors clearly 
and distinctly. 

Illuminated tents are made by placing poles in the fashion 
of Fig. 51, and using large flags, low-priced colored cloth or 
strong paper as a covering, Fig. 52. The corners are tied 
down to pegs in the ground, and, when two or three candles 
are set in the tent, the effect is very pleasing. 

All young people delight in the noise and excitement of 

Fireworks, 

and here are some pyrotechnics which any girl can easily make. 
They are daylight fireworks, and most of them may be sent 
off from a balcony or window, and all with np danger of fire 
or burns. 



130 



Summer. 



One of the simplest to try is the 




/}>,c5'J 



fi^.J4< 



Parachutes. 



Parachute. 

Cut a piece of tissue-paper five inches square, twist each cor- 
ner and tie with a piece of thread eight inches long, Fig. 53 ; 

wrap a small pebble 
in a piece of paper 
and tie the four 
pieces of thread se- 
curely to the peb- 
ble, Fig. 54. This 
makes a light airy 
little parachute, 
which, when sent 
out from the win- 
dow, will, with a 
favorable wind, sail 
up and off over the house-tops. Make a number of parachutes 
in different colors and send them off one after another in suc- 
cession. Next we will have what 

we call rrnnT7 r 

Thunderbolts 

fashioned of bright -colored tissue- 
paper. Cut the paper in pieces 
four inches wide and eight inches 
long. Then cut each piece into 
strips reaching about one-third of 
the length of the piece of paper 
(Fig- 55)> pinch the uncut end of 
the paper together and twist it 
tightly so that it will not become undone (Fig. $6). Open 
the window and throw these out a few at a time. They will 




Fic/.^ 




Thunderbolts. 



A Girl's Fourth of yuly. 131 




turn heavy end down and dart off with the fringed end flutter- 
ing. Now and then they will waver a moment in one spot, and 
then dart off in another direction ; so they go whirling, zigzag- 
ging and bowing as if they were alive. 

Something different from these are the comical little 

Whirls, 

made by cutting circular pieces of writing- or common wrap- 
ping-paper into simple spiral forms (Fig. 57), The centre of the 
spirals are weighted by small 
pieces of wood, or other not too 
heavy substance gummed on the 
paper. 

When a number of these aie 
freed in mid-air the weight will 
draw the spirals out, and present 
a curious sight, as with serpen- _, ^^ 

tme motion they all come wrig- wwris, 

gling and twisting toward the 

ground (Fig. 58). In these paper fire-works, we know of noth- 
ing prettier than the 

Winged Fancies, 

consisting of birds and butterflies. 

The birds may be cut out of wrapping-paper, measuring 
seven and a half inches long and ten inches from tip to tip of 
the wings (Fig 59), a burnt match stuck in and out of the neck, 
will give the bird sufficient weight. When tossed from a height 
these paper swallows fly and skim through the air in the most 
delightful birdlike fashion. 

Both birds and butterflies are folded through the centre 
lengthwise, then unfolded and straightened out, this helps to 
give them form and they fly better. 



132 



Summer. 



The patterns here given are possibly not as graceful in shape 

as could be made, but the writer drew the patterns from the 

bes^t fliers among an 
experimental lot of 
winged fancies, hav- 
ing found them better 
than others that could 
boast of more beauty. 
Butterflies are 
made of bright col- 
ored tissue-paper cut 
from the pattern (Fig 
60), and have short 
pieces of broom - 
straws as weights. 
These also should be 

lightly thrown from a height, when they will flutter and fly 

downward, sometimes settling on a tree or bush as if seeking 

the sweets of flowers, 

and appearing very 

bright and pretty as 

they float hither and 

thither on the air. 

A ring of the ever- 

t\virling 




Fiff.S9 
The Bird. 



Pin-wheels 




The Butterfly. 



is gay and attractive, 
just the thing for the 

lawn on the Fourth of July. To manufacture one, select a nice 
firm barrel-hoop, and nail it securely on one end of a clothes- 
pole or broom-stick (Fig, 61), sharpen the other end of the pole 



A Girl's Fourth of ytdy. 



133 




to a point ; if the hoop seems incUned to split when naihng, 
first bore holes with a gimlet or burn them 
with a red-hot nail or wire for the nails to 
pass through. 

Cover the barrel-hoop several inches 
deep with straw, lay the straw on and tie 
it down with string. 

Prepare a number of pin-wheels by 
cutting squares of red and white and blue 
paper, fold them twice diagonally through 
the centre and cut the folds up within a 
short distance of the middle. Turn over 
every other point to meet the centre, 
pierce the four points and the centre with 
^ pin, then fasten the pin firmly to the 
end of a stick. The pin must be left long 
enough to allow the paper to turn easily. 

Stick the straw wreath full of pin- 
wheels, then plant the pole securely in the 
ground and you will have a ring of Fourth 
of July pin-wheels which will look pretty 
all day long. 

Be sure to place the wreath facing 
the breeze, so the pin-wheels may be kept in constant mo- 
tion. Reserve the 



Fin-wheel. 



Bombs 



until the last. They are simple in construction, but quite start- 
ling when they go off. 

Fasten together two very stiff flat pieces of steel (Fig, 62), 
those sold for the back of dress-skirts work well, and use 
a strong string many yards long to tie them with. Bring 
up the four ends of the steels and tie them with a slip knot 



134 



Summer. 



(Fig. 63), in order that it may easily fly open. Place the cage 
thus formed in the centre of a square piece of tissue-paper. 

Now cut strips of different colored tissue-paper, four inches 
long, and twist each piece at one ead. 

Put these in the centre of the cage and bring up the four 

corners of the 
square of paper, 
allowing the 
string to come 
out of the top. 
Twist the corners 
together and close 
up the small open- 
ings by folding 
over the edges of 
the paper. This 




//><fc? 



makes a bomb somewhat re- 
sembling a common torpedo 
enlarged to many times its 
original size. 

Pass the string through a 
screw-eye which has been screwed in the end of a flag-pole or 
broomstick, and place the pole out of the window. Then drop 
the end of the string down to the lawn below. Fasten one end 
of the pole in the window by binding it firmly to a strong, 
heavy chair, or secure it in any other way most convenient so 
there will not be the slightest danger of its falling. 



A Girl's Fourth of yuly. 135 

Everything being ready, descend to the lawn, and pull the 
string so the bomb will rise slowly up to the pole. 

When it is within a short distance of the screw-eye, give the 
twine a sudden sharp jerk which will cause the bomb to come 
in contact with the pole -with sufficient force to untie the slip- 
knot, the elastic-metal ribs will fly back causing the bomb to 
burst and fill the air with bright shreds, flying, gliding, and 
darting everywhere in the most eccentric manner, making the 
air brilliant with floating colors. 

Let your Fourth of July 

Lawn Party 

partake of the patriotic traditions, and as far as possible help to 
celebrate our Nation's birthday in an appropriate manner. 

Paper "fire-works may form part of the entertainment, it 
being optional with the hostess whether they come before or 
after the games, or are interspersed between them. 

The party opens with the signing of the 

Declaration of Independence. 

To each guest is given a brown-paper bag, and when all have 
assembled on the lawn, the hostess steps forward facing the 
company, and asks all to kindly keep quiet and listen for a 
few moments while she reads or repeats their Declaration of 
Independence, she then reads : 

We girls are, and of right should be, free and independent 
of all boys' sports, having resources and amusements befitting 
the celebration of the Fourth of July, independent of all those 
belonging exclusively to boys. 

Then follows the signing of the same, by each in turn writing 
her name beneath the declaration. This accomplished, the 
hostess gives the signal and each guest fills her bag with air, by 



136 Summer. 



holding it close to her mouth, gathering it tightly around, and 
blowing into it, then grasping it firmly in the right hand, being 
careful not to let any air escape. 

At another signal, all simultaneously bring their hands 
forcibly and quickly together, striking the paper bags with the 
(eft hand, which bursts the bags and causes a report almost 
equal to that of pistols. 

All the bags exploding at one time, gives a salute worthy of 
the name and creates much merriment. 

The salute may be varied by bursting the bags in quick suc- 
cession, so that'it will sound something like a volley of musketry. 

This introduction is followed by games to be played on the 
lawn. 

For the new game of 

Toss, 

make nine disks of card-board, painted or covered with paper, 
red and white and blue, three of each color. 

Place in the centre of the lawn a fancy waste-basket, and let 
each player in turn stand at a distance of six feet from the bas- 
ket. It is better to have the station marked by a stone or stick, 
at the place designated. 

If played by sides, two stations, one on either side of the 
basket will be necessary. 

The object of the game is to throw the disks into the basket, 
and they are valued according to color ; red counts one, white 
two, and blue three. 

If played by sides, each side should play five rounds, ninety 
being the highest possible tally for any one player. 

This is an easy and pleasant game, and may be played with 
or without sides. The hostess keeps account, and at the end of 
the game gives a knot of red, white, and blue ribbons as a prize 
to the one having the highest score. 



A GirPs Fourth of yuly. 



137 



We hardly recognize our old friends in the new and gigantic 



Fourth of July Jackstraws. 

These are all in holiday attire, and so much larger than any we 
have seen that they are even more attractive, and afford greater 
amusement than those which we have hitherto enjoyed. 

It does not take long to make, them. Cover a number of 
light slender sticks, three or four feet long, with paper or cloth, 
some red, some white, and others blue. The colors count respec- 
-tively, red one, white two, and blue three. Provide another 
longer stick with a hook in one end to be used in taking the jack- 
straws from the pile. 

Stand the sticks up so as to meet at the top, and spread out 
like a tent at the bottom. Each player then takes the hook in 
turn and tries to remove a jackstraw, without shaking or throw- 
ing down any of the others. The one scoring the highest, wins 
the game and is entitled to the prize. 

Progressive games seem to be very 
popular, and deservedly so, as they 
possess an interest peculiarly their own. 

Here is a new and novel one, called 



Progressive Mining. 




^..,-3rK>;?j>... 



It is played with flower-pots filled with 

sand or loose earth, called mines. A 

small flag on a slender staff is placed 

upright in the centre of each flower-pot 

(Fig. 64). The staff should be stuck 

down in the sand only just far enough 

to keep it steady in its position. Each player in turn removes 

a little sand from the mine with a stick called a wand, taking 




FigM 



138 



Summer. 



,fi 



ivS.M 






'% 






Mme/M ^^ 



great care not to upset the flag ; for the one causing the flag 

to fall loses the game. The number 
of mines needed will depend upon 
the number of persons playing, as 
one flower-pot is required for every 
two players. 

Each one taking part in the game, 
is provided with a wand. Slender 
bamboo canes make excellent wands, 
and may be decorated with red, white 
and blue ribbons, tied on the handles. 
Should the canes be difficult to pro- 
cure, then any kind of light slender 
stick will serve the purpose. 

The hostess should prepare blank 
envelopes, each containing a ribbon 
badge, or score sheet, of different 
colors, two of each ; these are all 
numbered, the figures being painted 
or pasted on the ribbons to designate 
the place to be taken, thus two reds 
are marked i, meaning that they are 
to occupy the first or prize mine. The 
blues are marked 2, showing that 
they take the second mine, and so on. 
The last ar lowest place is called the 
booby mine. Each badge should 
have a small pocket attached (Fig. 
65), for holding stamps ; these are cut 
in any desired form from gold and 
silver paper, which has previously 



IIIlll^ 




iiliM 



been covered with mucilage on the under side, like a common 
postage-stamp. 



A Girrs Fourth of yuly. 139 

The hostess passes around the envelopes, each guest takes 
one, and upon opening it discovers where and with whom she 
is to play. 

The preliminaries being settled, and all having taken their 
places, the hostess starts the game by ringing a little bell. 

When one of the players at the prize mine upsets the flag, 
the other calls out prize, and if the flags have not already fallen 
in the other mines, the couples play as quickly as possible until 
all the flags are down. 

The winner at the prize mine fastens a gold stamp on her 
ribbon badge, while the loser at the booby mine, ornaments 
hers with silver seal. 

The game is now rearranged, the winner at the prize mine 
remains at her station, and the loser goes down to the booby 
mine, while all those winning at the other mines move up, each 
one respectively to the next higher mine, for it is only at the 
prize mine where the loser moves her place and the victor re- 
mains stationary. 

When these details are settled, the flag-staffs are again planted 
in the flower-pots and the signal given for a new game. 

The player with the largest number of gold stamps on her 
score-sheet, receives the victor's prize, and the one having the 
most silver stamps is entitled to the booby prize. 

The prizes are given when the game is ended. They should 
consist of some pretty little article made by the hostess herself, 
and, if practicable, appropriate to the day, such as a delicate 
satin sachet in the form of a Liberty bell, with the lettering 
painted on it. 

A pretty pin-cushion, with a cover made of a miniature silken 
flag, or a dainty pen-wiper in the shape of Liberty's cap. Other 
more expensive gifts are not in good taste. 

The booby prize should be something grotesque or comical. 

As the mothers and sisters of 1776 took a full share in the 



140 



^ Minmer. 



hardships and trials of the Revolution, and actively assisted in 
gaining our independence, it is eminently fit and proper that 
American girls should show their appreciation of such bravery 
and heroism by assisting in the annual celebration of our 
famous Independence Day. 

Fourth of July seems heretofore to have been considered 
altogether too exclusively a boy's holiday, and it is with a 
hope of stimulating a renewed activity, and awakening in the 
heart of every girl in the United States a sense of proprietary 
interest in the day, that we suggest new methods of celebrat- 
ing our national holiday. 




THE BEARD BOOKS FOR YOUNG PEOPLE 



THE AMERICAN GIRUS HANDY BOOK 

HOW TO AMUSE YOURSELF AND OTHERS 

By LINA and ADELIA B. BEARD 
With nearly 500 Illustrations by the Authors 



One volume, square 8vo, $2.00 



Eight new chapters have been added to the forty-two which have carried 
this famous book to the hearts of all the young people since its first appear- 
ance, and everything that the girls of to-day want to know about their sports, 
games, and winter afternoon and evening work, is told clearly and simply 
in this helpful and entertaining volume. The volume is full}' and hand- 
somely illustrated from drawings by the authors, whose designs are in the 
best sense illustrative ot the text. 




How to 
Amus 
urself 



hers 




TkE:AMERIGAN:GlRLS 
•HANDY:B00K* 



SUMMARY OF CONTENTS 

First of April — Wild Flowers za 
Their Preservation — The Walkin; 
Club — Easter-Egg Games — How tc 
Make a Lawn Tennis Net — May- 
Day Sports — Midsummer - Eve 
Games and Sports — Sea-side Cot- 
tage; Decoration — A Girl's Fourth 
of July — An Impression Album — 
Picnics, Burgoos, and Corn-Roasts 
—Botany as Applied to Art — Quiet 
Games for Hot Weather — How to 
Make a Hammock — Corn - Husk 
and Flower Dolls — How to Make 
Fans — All Hallow Eve — Nature's 
Fall Decorations and How to Use 
Them — Nutting Parties — How to 
Draw, Paint in Oil-colors, and 
Model in Clay and Wax — China 
Painting — Christmas Festivities, 
and Home-made Christmas Gifts — 
Ahnusements and Games for the 
Holidays — Golf — Bicycling — Swim- 
ming — Physical Culture — Girls' 
Clubs — A New Seashore Game^ 
Apple Target Shooting — Watei 
Fairies. 

Louisa M. Alcott wrote ; " I have put it in my list of good and ueeful books for young 
people, as I have many requests for advice from my little friends and their anxious mothers. 
I am most happy to commend your very ingenious and entertaining book." 

Grace Greenwood wrote: "It is a treasure which, once possessed, no practical girl 
would willingly part with. It is an invaluable aid in making a home attractive, comfortable, 
artistic, and refined. The book preaches the gospel of cheerfulness, industry, economy, and 
nomiort." 




BY 

Lfna Beard 
and 
Adelia EBean 



N ewV^r k 
Charles 

Scribners 
c Sons 




THE BEARD BOOKS FOR GIRLS 



THINGS WORTH DOING 
AND HOW TO DO THEM 

By LINA and ADELIA B. BEARD 

Profusely Illustrated by the Authors 
8vo, $2.00 



An infinite variety of things worth doing is comprised in the latest Beard Book 
for girls, which is in every way equal to its widely popular predecessors, and con- 
tains a wealth of absolutely new material. How to do the various things worth 
doing is set forth with that simplicity of direction which has been one of the chief 
factors in the success of these authors. The text is supplemented by some six 
hundred drawings. 



iThings 
Worth 
Doing 

AND 

How 
To Do Them 






BY 

Lina Beard 

and 
Adelia B. Beard 



New York 

CKarles 

Scribner's 

Sons 




SUMMARY OF CONTENTS 

A Fourth of July Lawn Frolic — A 
Wonderful Circus at Home — A Noyel 
Easter Party — A Doorway Punch and 
Judy Show- — Hallowe'en Merry-mak- 
ing — Dance of Titania — Thanksgiving 
Party. — Impromptu Moving Pictures 
for Thanksgiving — A Valentine Enter- 
tainment — The Wild West Show on a 
Table — Roof Picnic — Magic Peep- 
show — Plant Your Garden if You 
Can — Jolly Little Santa Claus — A 
Living Christmas-tree — How to Get 
Up a Girls' Fair — Camping Out in 
Your Back Yard — Outdoor Fun with 
Home-made Tether Ball — Miniature 
Seven Wonders of the World — New 
Christmas Decorations — Doll House 
of Pasteboard — The Making of a Bay- 
berry Candle — Water Toys — How to 
Weave Without a Loom — How to 
Make Your Own Easter Cards — 
Home-made Candlesticks — What to 
Make of Bananas — Little Paper Co- 
lumbus — How to Make Friends with 
the Stars — Ste cil Painting. 



" Everything is so plainly set forth and so fully illustrated with drawings that the happy owners 
of the book should find it easy to follow ts suggestions." — New York Trihime. 



THE BEARD BOOKS FOR GIRLS 

RECREATIONS FOR GIRLS 

By LINA and ADELIA B. BEARD 

Profusely Illustrated by the Authors 
8vo, $2.00 



This new book for girls, by Lina and Adelia Beard, whose previous books 
on girls' sports have become classic, combines a mass of practical instruction on 
handicrafts and recreations. No more charming book for girls could be desired. 




RECREATIONS FOR GIRLS 




BY 

Lina Beard 
and 
Adelia B.Beard 

New York 

Charles Scribner's 

Sons 

1906 




SUMMARY OF CONTENTS 

Spinning — Weaving on a Home- 
made Loom — A Ball of Twine and 
What May be Made of It — An Armful 
of Shavings and What To Do With 
Them — Primitive Reed Curtains — 
Things to Make of Common Grasses — 
Possibilities of a Clothes-line — How 
to Weave a Splint Basket — Modelling 
in Tissue Paper — Nature Study with 
Tissue Paper — A New Race of Dolls 
— An Indian Encampment on a Pastry- 
board — A Toy Colonial Kitchen — Lit- 
tle Paper Houses of Japan — Some Odd 
Things in Russia — Pottery Without a 
Potter's Wheel — Baby Alligators and 
Other Things of Clay — Funny Little 
Apple Toys — Marvel Pictures — Lift- 
ing for Pasch Eggs — May-Day Amuse- 
ments — Hallowe'en Revels — The 
Magic Cloth — Finger Plays for Little 
Folk — How to Arrange Fresh Flowers 
— Open-air Play Houses — Keeping 
Store — A Frolic with the Roses 
— A Straw-ride Picnic — A Paper 
Chase. 



"It teaches how to make serviceable and useful things of all kinds out of every kind of material. 
It also tells how to play and how to make things to play with. The girl who gets this book will not 
lack for occupation and pleasure." — Chicago Evening Post. 



THE BEARD BOOKS FOR GIRLS 



WHAT 
A GIRL CAN MAKE AND DO 

NE\;^ IDEAS FOR \^ORK AND PLAY 

By LINA and ADELIA B. BEARD 

With over 300 Illustrations by the Authors 
Square 8vo, $1.60 net 



This book is the result of the authors' earnest desire to be of some assistance 
to their young friends by encouraging them in their wish to do things for themselves 
and by pointing out some directions in which they may gratify this ambition. 
Within its covers are suggestions for a wide variety of things useful, instructive and 
entertaining which a girl may make and do with wholesome and genuine pleasure. 





HAT 
AKEANDDO 



Una Beard 
and 
Adelia B.Beard 

New Y>rk 

Charles Scribner's 

Sons 




SUMMARY OF CONTENTS 

What a Girl Can Make with Ham- 
mer and Saw — Possibilities of an 
Easter Egg — A Paper Easter — Vaca- 
• tion Work with Nature's Material — 
Collections — Original Valentines — 
Vegetable Animals and Fruit Lanterns 
— Pasteboard Models for a Home 
Drawing Class — Quick Ink Pictures — 
Moving Toys — Home-made Pyrotech- 
nics — Monotypes — Priscilla Rugs — A 
Peanut Noah's Ark — A Flower Feast 
— Basket Weaving — An "Abe" Lin- 
coln Log-cabin — Queer Things on 
Paper and Blackboard and How to 
Put Them There — Home-made Mu- 
sical Instruments — What to Make of 
Empty Spools — Christmas Decora- 
tions — Christmas Devices — Picture 
Writing and Sign Language — Statuary 
Tableaux — Witchery — Living Alpha- 
bet — Odd Gardens — Active Games — 
Expensive Games With Little or No 
Expense — Basket Ball — Some of Our 
Out-door Neighbors and Where to 
Look for Them. 



"This book is filled full of ideas and drawings original with the authors themselves, and it would 
be a dull girl who could not make herself busy and happy following its precepts. ... A most inspiring 
book for an active-minded girl." — Chicago Record-Herald. 



NOV iO i^oe 



-lOME MISSION 

dANDICRAFT 



IDEAS FOR WORK AND 
PLAY IN MISSION BANDS 
AND JUNIOR SOCIETIES 



BY 
LiNA AND ADELIA B. BEARD 



